ارزیابی مطلوبیت در گزینش برخی ارقام سیب با استفاده از شاخص انتخاب ژنوتیپ ایده‌آل ‏تعدیل‌یافته (‏ASIIG‏)‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی‌(ره)، قزوین، ایران‏

2 دانشجو- محقق دوره پسادکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی‌(ره)، قزوین، ایران‏

3 استادیار، پژوهشکده میوه های معتدله و سردسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج ‏کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور تعیین مطلوبیت بر مبنای صفات کیفی و کمّی میوه از 11 رقم سیب اسپور تایپ به همراه رقم شاهد گلدن‌دلیشز استفاده شد. این ارقام در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی باغبانی کمالشهر کرج طی دوسال باغی (1390 - 1391) در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل وزن میوه، طول میوه، قطر میوه، سفتی بافت میوه، درصد اسیدیته، TSS، عملکرد میوه، درصد تشکیل میوه و تعداد میوه بود. تجزیه واریانس مرکب نشان داد اثر سال تنها برای صفات قطر میوه و وزن میوه در سطح احتمال پنج درصد (05/0P≤) معنی دار است. اثر رقم در مورد تمام صفات به جز درصد تشکیل میوه در سطح احتمال یک درصد (01/0P≤) معنی‌دار شد. بیشترین عملکرد میوه در رقم یلواسپور با مقدار 39/23 کیلوگرم در درخت مشاهده شد. با استفاده از نمرات اختصاصی به عنوان وزن صفات، شاخص ژنوتیپ ایده­آل تعدیل یافته (ASIIG) محاسبه گردید و مشاهده شد رقم یلواسپور با مقدار شاخص 16/78 درصد شباهت به ژنوتیپ ایده‌آل بالاترین مطلوبیت را در میان ارقام مورد مطالعه در آزمایش دارا می‌باشد و رقم یلو‌اسپور به همراه ارقام گلدن‌اسموتی و دلیشز‌اسپور از مطلوبیت بالاتری نسبت به رقم شاهد گلدن دلیشز برخوردار بودند. نمودارهای حاصل از شاخص ژنوتیپ‌ ایده‌آل تعدیل یافته با گروه‌بندی مناسب ارقام آزمایشی، تنها رقم یلو‌اسپور را به عنوان رقم کاملاً مطلوب معرفی نمودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of desirability index in selection of apple cultivars using adjusted ‎selection index of ideal genotypes (ASIIG)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jafar Ahmadi 1
  • Amir Abbas Taghizadeh 2
  • Dariush Atashkar 3
1 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International ‎University, Qazvin, Iran
2 Postdoctoral Researcher-Student, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, ‎Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education ‎and Extention Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran‎
چکیده [English]

In order to determine the desirability based on the qualitative and quantitative traits of the fruit, 11 cultivars of apple spore type along with control cultivar Golden Delicious were used. These cultivars were evaluated in Kamalshahr Horticultural Research Station of Karaj during two crop years (2011–2012) in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications and fruit related traits including fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit firmness, acidity percentage, TSS, fruit yield, fruit–set % and number of fruits per tree were recorded during two years. Combined analysis of variance showed that the effect of year was significant only for fruit diameter and fruit weight at the probability level of 5 % (P≤0.05). The effect of cultivar on all traits, except fruit–set %, was significant at the probability level of 1% (P≤0.01). The highest fruit yield was observed in Yellowspur cultivar with a value of 23.39 kg per tree. Using specific scores as the weight of traits, adjusted selection index of ideal genotype (ASIIG) was calculated and it was observed that Yellowspur cultivar with an index value of 78.16 % similar to the ideal genotype has the highest desirability among the cultivars and Yellowspur along with Golden Smoothie and Deliciousspur cultivars were more desirable than Golden Delicious cultivar. The graphs obtained from the adjusted selection index of ideal genotype with appropriate grouping of experimental cultivars identified only Yellow spur cultivar as a completely desirable cultivar.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Apple
  • desirability index
  • ideal genotype
  • SIIG
  • TOPSIS‎
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