نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی سیستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زابل، ایران
چکیده
انگور یاقوتی مهم‌ترین محصول باغی منطقه سیستان است که تراکم خوشه، بازارپسندی آن را تحت تاثیر قرار داده است. این آزمایش با هدف بررسی تاثیر تنک شیمیایی و فیزیکی بر فشردگی خوشه انگور یاقوتی و بررسی بازده اقتصادی آن‌ها انجام شد. این آزمایش به‌صورت سه پروژه در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. آزمایش اول شامل چهار سطح هورمون اسید جیبرلیک (صفر، 10، 20 و 30 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر)، آزمایش دوم شامل چهار سطح برگ‌چینی (عدم برگ‌چینی، برگ‌چینی دو گره پایین شاخه‌های بارور، برگ‌چینی چهار گره پایین شاخه‌های بارور و برگ‌چینی شش گره پایین شاخه‌های بارور) و آزمایش سوم شامل چهار سطح تنک خوشه (عدم تنک خوشه، حذف 1 سانتی‌متر از انتهای محور خوشه، حدف 2 سانتی‌متر از انتهای محور خوشه و برس کشیدن خوشه) بود. مقایسه میانگین فشردگی خوشه در 3 آزمایش نشان داد استفاده از 30 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر اسید جیبرلیک باعث بیشترین میزان کاهش فشردگی خوشه شد. بازده اقتصادی کاربرد اسید جیبرلیک و برگ‌چینی معنی‌دار اما برای تنک خوشه معنی دار نبود. مقایسه میانگین کاربرد اسید جیبرلیک و برگ‌چینی نشان داد بیشترین بازده اقتصادی مربوط به تمامی سطوح کاربرد اسید جیبرلیک بود. بازده اقتصادی 30 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر اسید جیبرلیک نسبت به بازده اقتصادی کاربرد 20 و 10 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر اسید جیبرلیک بترتیب 4/31 و 5/41 درصد بیشتر بود. بطور کلی بازده اقتصادی کاربرد30 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر اسید جیبرلیک نسبت به حذف برگ‌های 6 گره پایین تمام شاخه‌های تاک انگور 2/85 درصد افزایش نشان داد و برای کاهش فشردگی خوشه قابل توصیه است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The effect of chemical and physical thinning on some characteristics of Yaghooti grape cluster
نویسنده [English]
- Mansour Fazeli Rostampour
Assistant Professor, Horticultural Crops Research Department, Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Zabol, Iran
چکیده [English]
Yaghooti grape is the most important horticultural crop in the Sistan region that the cluster compactness of this grape has affected its marketability. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of chemical and physical thinning on the compactness of Yaghooti grape cluster and also evaluate its economic efficiency. This experiment has been conducted in three projects in the form of randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The first experiment consisted of four levels of GA3 (0 (control), 10, 20 and 30 mg.L-1), the second experiment consisted of four levels of defoliation (non-defoliation (control), defoliation of two nodes lower fertile branches, defoliation of four nodes lower fertile branches, and defoliation of six nodes lower fertile branches) and the third experiment consisted of four levels of cluster thinning (no thinning (control), removal of 1 cm from the end of the cluster, removal of 2 cm from the end of the cluster and brushing the clusters). Mean comparison of the cluster compactness in 3 experiments showed that the use of 30 mg.l-1 gibberellic acid caused the greatest reduction in cluster compaction. The benefit/cost of using gibberellic acid and defoliation was significant, however it was not significant for cluster thinning. Mean comparison of utilizing gibberellic acid and defoliation showed that the highest benefit/cost was related to all levels of gibberellic acid application. The benefit/cost of using 30 mg.l-1 gibberellin was 31.4% and 41.5% higher than 20 and 10 mg.l-1 gibberellin application, respectively. In general, applying 30 mg.l-1 gibberellin increased 85.2% of benefit/cost compared to the defoliation of six nodes and it is recommended to decrease the cluster compactness.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Cluster compactness
- cluster thining
- defoliation
- gibberellic acid
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