اثر آرژنین و متیل جاسمونات بر کاهش خسارت سرمازدگی و حفظ کیفیت تغذیه‌ای میوه‌ انار رقم ملس ‏ساوه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

از مشکلات اصلی میوه‌ انار طی انبارمانی، خسارت سرمازدگی در دمای پایین‌تر از 5 درجه سلسیوس بوده که با قهوه‌ای شدن پوست، بذر پوشینه‌ها و کاهش کیفیت تغذیه‌ای آن­ها همراه است. در این پژوهش اثر تیمارهای ترکیبی‌ آرژنین (صفر، 1 و 2 میلی‌مولار) و متیل جاسمونات (صفر، 1/0 و 2/0 میلی‌مولار) به‌صورت محلول‌پاشی روی درخت، طی سه مرحله 60، 40 و 20 روز قبل از برداشت به منظور کاهش خسارت سرمازدگی و حفظ کیفیت تغذیه‌ای آریل‌های میوه انار در دمای 5/0±4 درجه سلسیوس در روزهای صفر، 30، 60، 90 و 120 روز انبارمانی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد تیمار ترکیبی آرژنین 2 میلی‌مولار و متیل جاسمونات 1/0 میلی‌مولار سبب کاهش میزان خسارت سرمازدگی (74/37 درصد)، نشت یونی (42/31 درصد) و مالون‌دی‌آلدهید (46/29 درصد) در میوه‌های انار شد. همچنین میوه­های انار تیمار شده میزان آسکوربیک اسید، فعالیت آنزیم‌ فنیل‌آلانین‌آمونیالایز، میزان فنل‌ کل و آنتوسیانین‌ بالاتر و میزان فعالیت آنزیم پلی فنل اکسیداز کمتری داشتند که در نهایت منجر به افزایش ظرفیت آنتی­اکسیدانی میوه­ها شد. این تیمار سبب افزایش فعالیت آنزیمی آسکوربات پراکسیداز، کاتالاز و سوپراکسید دیسموتاز به ترتیب به میزان 04/9، 18/8 و 21/44 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد شد که در نتیجه آن تجمع هیدروژن پراکسید در این میوه­ها کاهش یافت. بنابراین تیمار ترکیبی آرژنین و متیل جاسمونات از طریق بهبود سیستم آنتی­اکسیدانی و کاهش میزان خسارت سرمازدگی منجر به افزایش کیفیت تغذیه‌ای، حفظ سیالیت غشا سیتوپلاسمی و بازار پسندی میوه‌های انار شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of arginine and methyl jasmonate on chilling injury and nutritional quality of ‎pomegranate fruit cv "Malase Saveh" ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farhad Pirzad 1
  • Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh 2
  • Mesbah Babalar 3
  • Alireza Talaei 3
  • Hossein Lesani 3
1 Graduate Ph.D., College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Chilling injury is the main problem of pomegranate fruit during storage at below 5 °C, which is associated with browning husk, arils pomegranate and loss of its nutritional quality. In this experiment, the effect of intraction between arginine (0, 1 and 2 mM) and methyl jasmonate (0, 0.1 and 0.2 mM) in form of foliar spraying on the tree in three stages of 60, 40 and 20 days before harvest for redducing chilling injury and keeping nutritional quality of pomegranate were evaluated on 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days at 4± 0.5 °C during storage. The results showed that combined treatment between arginine (2 mM) and methyl jasmonate (0.1 mM) led to reducing chilling injury (37.74 %), electrolyte leakage (31.42 %) and malondialdehyde accumulation (29.46 %). Also, pomegranate treated with intraction treatment between arginine (2 mM) and methyl jasmonate (0.1 mM) exhibited higher ascorbic acid content, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, phenols and anthocyanins and lower polyphenol oxidase enzymes activity which ultimately increased the antioxidant capacity of fruits. This treatment increased the enzyme activity of ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase by 9.04, 8.18 and 44.21%, respectively, in comparison with the control, leading to reduction the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in these fruits. Thus, combined treatment between arginine and methyl jasmonate via enhancing antioxidant system, and reducing chilling injury led to enhanced nutritional quality, maintained safe membrane integrity and marketable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Browning
  • DPPH scavenging capacity
  • foliar
  • storage‎
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