اثر آرژنین و متیل جاسمونات بر کاهش خسارت سرمازدگی و حفظ کیفیت تغذیه‌ای میوه‌ انار رقم ملس ‏ساوه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

از مشکلات اصلی میوه‌ انار طی انبارمانی، خسارت سرمازدگی در دمای پایین‌تر از 5 درجه سلسیوس بوده که با قهوه‌ای شدن پوست، بذر پوشینه‌ها و کاهش کیفیت تغذیه‌ای آن­ها همراه است. در این پژوهش اثر تیمارهای ترکیبی‌ آرژنین (صفر، 1 و 2 میلی‌مولار) و متیل جاسمونات (صفر، 1/0 و 2/0 میلی‌مولار) به‌صورت محلول‌پاشی روی درخت، طی سه مرحله 60، 40 و 20 روز قبل از برداشت به منظور کاهش خسارت سرمازدگی و حفظ کیفیت تغذیه‌ای آریل‌های میوه انار در دمای 5/0±4 درجه سلسیوس در روزهای صفر، 30، 60، 90 و 120 روز انبارمانی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد تیمار ترکیبی آرژنین 2 میلی‌مولار و متیل جاسمونات 1/0 میلی‌مولار سبب کاهش میزان خسارت سرمازدگی (74/37 درصد)، نشت یونی (42/31 درصد) و مالون‌دی‌آلدهید (46/29 درصد) در میوه‌های انار شد. همچنین میوه­های انار تیمار شده میزان آسکوربیک اسید، فعالیت آنزیم‌ فنیل‌آلانین‌آمونیالایز، میزان فنل‌ کل و آنتوسیانین‌ بالاتر و میزان فعالیت آنزیم پلی فنل اکسیداز کمتری داشتند که در نهایت منجر به افزایش ظرفیت آنتی­اکسیدانی میوه­ها شد. این تیمار سبب افزایش فعالیت آنزیمی آسکوربات پراکسیداز، کاتالاز و سوپراکسید دیسموتاز به ترتیب به میزان 04/9، 18/8 و 21/44 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد شد که در نتیجه آن تجمع هیدروژن پراکسید در این میوه­ها کاهش یافت. بنابراین تیمار ترکیبی آرژنین و متیل جاسمونات از طریق بهبود سیستم آنتی­اکسیدانی و کاهش میزان خسارت سرمازدگی منجر به افزایش کیفیت تغذیه‌ای، حفظ سیالیت غشا سیتوپلاسمی و بازار پسندی میوه‌های انار شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of arginine and methyl jasmonate on chilling injury and nutritional quality of ‎pomegranate fruit cv "Malase Saveh" ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farhad Pirzad 1
  • Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh 2
  • Mesbah Babalar 3
  • Alireza Talaei 3
  • Hossein Lesani 3
1 Graduate Ph.D., College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Chilling injury is the main problem of pomegranate fruit during storage at below 5 °C, which is associated with browning husk, arils pomegranate and loss of its nutritional quality. In this experiment, the effect of intraction between arginine (0, 1 and 2 mM) and methyl jasmonate (0, 0.1 and 0.2 mM) in form of foliar spraying on the tree in three stages of 60, 40 and 20 days before harvest for redducing chilling injury and keeping nutritional quality of pomegranate were evaluated on 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days at 4± 0.5 °C during storage. The results showed that combined treatment between arginine (2 mM) and methyl jasmonate (0.1 mM) led to reducing chilling injury (37.74 %), electrolyte leakage (31.42 %) and malondialdehyde accumulation (29.46 %). Also, pomegranate treated with intraction treatment between arginine (2 mM) and methyl jasmonate (0.1 mM) exhibited higher ascorbic acid content, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, phenols and anthocyanins and lower polyphenol oxidase enzymes activity which ultimately increased the antioxidant capacity of fruits. This treatment increased the enzyme activity of ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase by 9.04, 8.18 and 44.21%, respectively, in comparison with the control, leading to reduction the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in these fruits. Thus, combined treatment between arginine and methyl jasmonate via enhancing antioxidant system, and reducing chilling injury led to enhanced nutritional quality, maintained safe membrane integrity and marketable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Browning
  • DPPH scavenging capacity
  • foliar
  • storage‎

مراجع

  1. (2016). Statistics on agriculture. Office of Statistics and Information Technology of Agriculture Ministry. Ministry of Agriculture Press, Tehran.
  2. Babalar, M., Pirzad, F., Askari Sarcheshmeh, M. A., Talaei, A. & Lessani, H. (2018). Arginine treatment attenuates chilling injury of pomegranate fruit during cold storage by enhancing antioxidant system activity. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 137, 31-37.
  3. Bradford, M.M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72, 248-254.
  4. Cao, S., Zheng, Y., Wang, K., Jin, P. & Rui, H. (2009). Methyl jasmonate reduces chilling injury and enhances antioxidant enzyme activity in postharvest loquat fruit. Food Chemistry, 115, 1458-1463.
  5. Chanjirakul, K., Wang, S. Y., Wang, C. H. & Siriphanich, J. (2007). Natural volatiletreatments increase free-radical scavenging capacity of strawberries and black-berries. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 87, 1463-1472.
  6. Chanjirakul, K., Wang, S. Y., Wang, C. Y. & Siriphanich, J. (2006). Effect of natural volatile compounds on antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzymes in raspberries. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 40, 106-115.‏
  7. Chen, J. Y., He, L. H., Jiang, Y. M., Wang, Y., Joyce, D. C., Ji, ZL. & Lu, W. J. (2008). Role of phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase in heat pretreatmentinduced chilling tolerance in banana fruit. Physiolgy Plant, 132, 318-328.
  8. Dokhanieh, A. Y., Aghdam, M. S. & Sarcheshmeh, M. A. A. (2016). Impact of postharvest hot salicylic acid treatment on aril browning and nutritional quality in fresh-cut pomegranate. Horticulture, Environment and Biotechnology, 57, 378-384.
  9. Foyer, C. H. & Noctor, G. (2005). Oxidant and antioxidant signalling in plants: a re‐evaluation of the concept of oxidative stress in a physiological context. Plant, Cell and Environment, 28, 1056-1071.‏
  10. Gao, H., Zhang, Z., L, X., Cheng, N., Peng, B. & Cao, W. (2016). Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on chilling injury of peach fruit in relation to phenolic and proline metabolisms. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 111, 390-397.‏
  11. Hodges, D. M., DeLong, J. M., Forney, C. F. & Prange, R. K. (1999) Improving the thiobarbituric acid-reactive-substances assay for estimating lipid peroxidation in plant tissues containing anthocyanin and other interfering compounds. Planta, 207, 604-611.
  12. Kader, A. A. (2006). Postharvest biology and technology of pomegranates, in Pomegranates: Ancient Roots to Modern Medicine, ed. by Seeram NP, Schulman RN and Heber D. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 211-220.
  13. Levin, G. M. (2006). Pomegranate(p. 130). R. Ashton (Ed.). CA: Third Millennium Publications.‏
  14. Liu, Y., Yang, X., Zhu, S. & Wang, Y. (2016). Postharvest application of MeJA and NO reduced chilling injury in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) through inhibition of H2O2 Postharvest Biology and Technology, 119, 77-83.‏
  15. Martinez-Espla, A., Zapata, P. J., Castillo, S., Guillén, F., Martínez-Romero, D., Valero, D. & Serrano, M. (2014). Preharvest application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in two plum cultivars. 1. Improvement of fruit growth and quality attributes at harvest. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 98, 98-105.
  16. McCollum, T.G. & McDonald, R.E. (1991). Electrolyte leakage, respiration, and ethylene production as indices of chilling injury in grapefruit. HortScience, 26, 1191-1192.‏
  17. Meng, X., Han, J., Wang, Q. & Tian, S. (2009). Changes in physiology and quality of peach fruits treated by methyl jasmonate under low temperature stress. Food Chemistry, 114, 1028-1035.‏
  18. Mirdehghan, SH., Rahemi, M., Castillo, S., Martinez-Romero, D., Serrano, M. & Valero, D. (2007). Pre-storage application of polyamines by pressure or immersion improves shelf life of pomegranate stored at chilling temperature by increasing endogenous polyamine levels. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 44, 26-33.
  19. Nakajima, J. I., Tanaka, I., Seo, S., Yamazaki, M. & Saito, K. (2004). LC/PDA/ESI-MS profiling and radical scavenging activity of anthocyanins in various berries. BioMed Research International, 5, 241-247.
  20. Nguyen, T.B.T., Ketsa, S. & van Doorn, W.G. (2003). Relationship between browning and the activities of polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase in banana peel during low temperature storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 30, 187-193.
  21. Nicker, W., Brügger, B. & Wieland, F. T. (1998). Protein and lipid sorting between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex. Seminars in cell and developmental biology, 9, 493-501.
  22. Opara, U. L., Atukuri, J. & Fawole, O. A. (2015). Application of physical and chemical postharvest treatments to enhance storage and shelf life of pomegranate fruit-A review. Scientia Horticulturae, 197, 41-49.
  23. Pareek, S., Valero, D. & Serrano, M. (2015). Postharvest biology and technology of pomegranate. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 95, 2360-2379.‏
  24. Pirzad, F. (2017). Effect of pre and postharvest treatments of arginine and methyl jasmonate on postharvest chilling injury and nutritional quality of pomegranate cv Malas Saveh. D. Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture Tehran University, Iran. (in Farsi)
  25. Reyes-Diaz, M., Lobos, T., Cardemil, L., Nunes-Nesi, A., Retamales, J., Jaakola, L. & Ribera-Fonseca, A. (2016). Methyl jasmonate: an alternative for improving the quality and health properties of fresh fruits. Molecules, 21, 567.
  26. Sayyari, M. (2009). Effects of Chemical and non-chemical on resistance to chilling injury and husk scald of pomegranate in storage. Ph.D. Thesis. Faculty of Horticulturae. Faculty of Agriculture Tehran University, Iran. (in Farsi)
  27. Sevillano, L., Sanchez‐Ballesta, M. T., Romojaro, F. & Flores, F. B. (2009). Physiological, hormonal and molecular mechanisms regulating chilling injury in horticultural species. Postharvest technologies applied to reduce its impact. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89, 555-573.‏
  28. Sheng, L., Zhou, X., Liu, Z. Y., Wang, J. W., Zhou, Q., Wang, L. & Ji, S. J. (2016). Changed activities of enzymes crucial to membrane lipid metabolism accompany pericarp browning in ‘Nanguo’pears during refrigeration and subsequent shelf life at room temperature. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 117, 1-8.‏
  29. Sircar, D., Cardoso, H. G., Mukherjee, C., Mitra, A. & Arnholdt-Schmitt, B. (2012). Alternative oxidase (AOX) and phenolic metabolism in methyl jasmonate-treated hairy root cultures of Daucus carota plant physiology, 169, 657-663.
  30. Valero, D., Mirdehghan, S. H., Sayyari, M. & Serrano, M. (2015). In: Processing and Impact on Active Components in Food (Ed), Vapor treatments, chilling, storage, and antioxidants in pomegranates. (189-196)Academic Press.
  31. Wang, L., Chen, S., Kong, W., Li, S. & Archbold, D. D. (2006). Salicylic acid pretreatment alleviates chilling injury and affects the antioxidant system and heat shock proteins of peaches during cold storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 41, 244-251.‏
  32. Wang, Y., Luo, Z., Du, R., Liu, Y., Ying, T. & Mao, L. (2013). Effect of nitric oxide on antioxidative response and proline metabolism in banana during cold storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61, 8880-8887.‏
  33. Zapata, P. J., Martínez-Esplá, A., Guillén, F., Díaz-Mula, H. M., Martínez-Romero, D., Serrano, M. & Valero, D. (2014). Preharvest application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in two plum cultivars. 2. Improvement of fruit quality and antioxidant systems during postharvest storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 98, 115-122.‏
  34. Zhang, X., Ji, N., Zhen, F., Ren, P. & Li, F. (2014). Metabolism of endogenous arginine in tomato fruit harvested at different ripening stages. Scientia Horticulturae, 179, 349-355.‏
  35. Zhang, X., Shen, L., Li, F., Meng, D. & Sheng, J. (2013). Amelioration of chilling stress by arginine in tomato fruit: Changes in endogenous arginine catabolism. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 76, 106-111.
  36. Zhang, X., Shen, L., Li, F., Zhang, Y., Meng, D. & Sheng, J. (2010). Up‐regulating arginase contributes to amelioration of chilling stress and the antioxidant system in cherry tomato fruits. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90, 2195-2202.‏
  37. Zhang, X., Sheng, J., Li, F., Meng, D. & Shen, L. (2012). Methyl jasmonate alters arginine catabolism and improves postharvest chilling tolerance in cherry tomato fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 64, 160-167.‏
علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 3
آذر 1400
صفحه 541-552

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 خرداد 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 تیر 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 مرداد 1398

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار