ارزیابی برخی پاسخ های فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی هفت رقم تجاری انگور به تنش سرما طی فصل ‏رشد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش تحمل به سرمای هفت رقم تجاری انگور شامل خلیلی، بی‌دانه قرمز، فخری، ریش‌بابا، تامسون سیدلس، یاقوتی و روبی سیدلس طی فصل رشد ارزیابی شد و رابطه بین برخی پاسخ­های بیوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژیکی این رقم ها با تحمل به سرما بررسی شد. به همین منظور نهال­های یک ساله گلدانی این رقم ها در معرض تیمارهای دمایی 25، چهار، صفر و منفی چهار درجه سلسیوس قرار گرفتند. بالاترین تحمل به سرما در منفی چهار درجه سلسیوس مربوط به رقم خلیلی و به دنبال آن فخری و بیدانه قرمز بود و کمترین تحمل در روبی سیدلس و تامسون سیدلس مشاهده شد. بین تحمل به سرمای زمستانه قبلاً گزارش شده برای این رقم ها با تحمل به سرمای منفی چهار درجه سلسیوس طی فصل رشد رابطه قوی، ولی با تحمل به سرمای چهار درجه سلسیوس رابطه نسبتاً ضعیف­تری وجود داشت. کاهش دما باعث افزایش غلظت کربوهیدرات­های محلول، پرولین، پروتئین محلول و پراکسید هیدروژن و کاهش کلروفیل و محتوای نسبی آب برگ در همه رقم ها شد. رقم های متحمل به سرما شامل خلیلی، فخری و بی‌دانه قرمز بالاترین محتوای نسبی آب، کربوهیدرات­های محلول، پروتئین محلول و کلروفیل کل و کمترین غلظت پراکسید هیدروژن و پرولین را داشتند، درحالی‌که بالاترین غلظت پرولین و پراکسید هیدروژن در رقم های حساس روبی سیدلس، تامسون سیدلس و یاقوتی دیده­شد. بالاترین همبستگی بین پایداری غشاهای سلولی و پاسخ­های بیوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژیکی بررسی شده در تیمارهای سرمایی منفی چهار و صفر درجه سلسیوس مشاهده شد که نشان می­دهد گیاهان پس از کاهش دما تا یک حد بحرانی سیستم­ محافظتی خود را فعال می­کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of some physiological and biochemical responses of seven commercial ‎grape cultivars to cold stress during the growing season

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samad Moradi Heidarabad 1
  • Ahmad Ershadi 2
1 Ph. D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, of Hamedan, ‎Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, of Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this research, cold tolerance of seven commercial grape cultivars including ‘Khalili’, ‘Bidaneh Qermez’, ‘Fakhri’, ‘Rishbaba’, ‘Thompson seedless’, ‘Yaghuti’ and ‘Ruby seedless’ was evaluated. Likewise, the relationships between biochemical and physiological responses of these cultivars with their cold tolerance were studied. For this reason, one-year potted vines were exposed to different temperatures: 25, 4, 0 and -4 ˚C. The highest cold tolerance at -4 ˚C was seen in ‘Khalili’ followed by ‘Fakhri’ and ‘Bidaneh Qermez’, while the lowest tolerance was observed in ‘Ruby seedless’ and ‘Thompson Seedless’. There were strong correlations between, previously reported, freezing tolerance of these cultivars during the winter and their cold tolerance at -4 ˚C; however, weaker relationships with cold tolerance at 4 ˚C were observed. Low-temperature treatments resulted in higher concentrations of soluble carbohydrates, proline, soluble proteins and hydrogen peroxide, but lower total chlorophyll and relative water content in all cultivars. Cold tolerant cultivars: ‘Khalili’, ‘Fakhri’ and ‘Bidaneh Qermez’ contained the highest relative water content, soluble carbohydrates, soluble proteins and total chlorophyll, but the least proline and hydrogen peroxide content. However, the highest proline and hydrogen peroxide was seen in cold-sensitive cultivars, ‘Ruby seedless’, ‘Thompson seedless’ and ‘Yaghuti’. The highest correlations between cell membrane stability of cultivars and their biochemical and physiological responses were observed at -4 and zero ˚C showing that plants activate their protective systems following temperature decrement down to a critical limit. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cold stress
  • grape
  • hydrogen peroxide
  • ion leakage
  • osmoregulants

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 1
خرداد 1400
صفحه 213-224

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 مهر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 آذر 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 بهمن 1398

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