بررسی اثر چند رقم انگور بومی به‌عنوان پایه پیوندی و تریاکانتانول بر فیزیولوژی پیوندک انگور ‏بیدانه سفید (‏Vitis vinifera L.‎‏) تحت تنش خشکی‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، پژوهشکده ملی انگور و کشمش، دانشگاه ملایر ‏

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر

3 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی، همدان

4 استادیار، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ملایر

چکیده

استفاده از پایه‌های انگور متحمل به تنش خشکی و کاربرد روش‌های به باغی مانند استفاده از تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد می‌تواند برای دستیابی به روش‌های مقابله با کم‌آبی مؤثر باشد. به همین منظور پژوهشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1397 در شرایط گلخانه‌ای جهت بررسی اثر تنظیم‌کننده رشد تریاکانتانول بر ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی نهال‌های انگور بیدانه سفید پیوند شده روی دو رقم بومی در شرایط خشکی انجام شد. تیمارها پایه در دو سطح (خوشناو، سرخک قوچان و نهال رقم بیدانه سفید (خودریشه))، تنش خشکی در سه سطح پتانسیل آب خاک در محدوده 2/0- (شاهد)، 7/0- و 5/1- مگاپاسکال و سه غلظت تنظیم‌کننده تریاکانتانول (صفر، 50 و 100 میکرومولار) بودند. صفات اندازه‌گیری شده نسبت وزن خشک به سطح برگ (LMA)، میزان پایداری غشای سلولی (MSI)، کلروفیل کل، پرولین، گلایسین بتائین، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز (CAT) و  پراکسیداز (POX) بودند. براساس نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش تنش خشکی باعث کاهش معنی‌دار LMA (25 درصد)، MSI (5 درصد)، کلروفیل (20 درصد) و RWC (5 درصد) گردید و تیمارهای تریاکانتانول منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار LMA (20 درصد)، MSI (3/4 درصد)، کلروفیل (14 درصد)، RWC (5/2 درصد)، گلایسین بتائین (27 درصد)، پرولین (22 درصد) و فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی کاتالاز (23 درصد) و پراکسیداز (8 درصد) گردید. نهال‌های پیوندی با پایه خوشناو نسبت به شاهد نتایج بهتری را نشان داد و با اضافه شدن تیمار های تریاکانتانول نیز صفات مناسب برای تحمل تنش خشکی بهبود یافتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of some cultivars of native grapevine as rootstocks and triachenetanol on the ‎physiology of ‘Bidaneh Sefid’ grapevine scion (Vitis vinifera L.), under drought ‎stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Wahab Asadi 1
  • Mousa Rasouli 2
  • Mansour Gholami 3
  • masoume maleki 4
1 Ph. D. Candidate, Iranian Research Institute in Grape and Raisin, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Facutly of Agirculture, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
3 Professor, Facutly of Agirculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Science, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
چکیده [English]

Use of drought tolerant grapevine rootstocks and application of garden management practices, such as the use of plant growth regulators, can be effective in achieving drought control methods. For this purpose, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design was conducted with three replications in greenhouse conditions in 2018 in order to study the effect of triacontanol on the physiological characteristics of grafted plantlet of grapevine on two native rootstocks of Iran under drought conditions. The treatments consisted of two rootstocks (Khoshnav, Sorkhak Ghouchan) and Bidaneh sefid (no grafting), three levels of drought stress including soil water potential of -0.2 (control), -0.7 and -1.5 MPa, and three concentrations of triacontanol (0, 50 and 100 μM). The measured traits included ratio dry weight to leaf area (LMA), membrane cell stability (MSI), total chlorophyll, proline, glycinebetaine, relative water content (RWC), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) activity. Based on the results, drought stress reduced LMA (25%), MSI (5%), chlorophyll (20%) and RWC (5%) and triacontanol treatments increased LMA (20%), MSI (4.5%), chlorophyll (14%), RWC (2.5%), glycinebetaine (27%), proline (22%), and antioxidant activity of catalase (23%) and peroxidase (8%). plantlet with Khoshnav rootstock showed better results than the control plantlet, and triacontanol improves drought tolerance in plantlets.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant enzymes
  • grafted seedling
  • grape
  • glysinebetaine
  • proline‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2
شهریور 1399
صفحه 413-428

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 آبان 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 اسفند 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 اسفند 1397

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