بررسی واکنش‌های فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی تعدادی ارقام فندق تحت شرایط تنش خشکی ‏و آبیاری مجدد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

به خاطر کاهش نزولات آسمانی و منابع آبی زیرزمینی و افزایش احتمال بروز تنش خشکی، گزینش ارقام یا ژنوتیپ­های مقاوم یا متحمل تنش خشکی ضروری می­باشد. فندق یکی از مهمترین درختان میوه خشکباری است. به‌منظور مطالعه واکنش شش رقم فندق (فرتیل، روند، لانگ، سقورب، مرویل و گرد) به تنش خشکی آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی روی نهال­های سه ساله گلدانی اجرا شد. تیمارهای آبیاری شامل شاهد (آبیاری منظم) و تنش خشکی (قطع کامل آبیاری) بودند که پس از اعمال تیمار تنش خشکی، آبیاری مجدد انجام و به منظور بررسی قابلیت برگشت پذیری ارقام یک روز و یک هفته بعد از آبیاری مجدد نمونه‌برداری انجام شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس اختلافات معنی‌دار بین تیمارهای آبیاری و همچنین ارقام نشان داد. رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و کارآیی کوآنتومی تحت تیمار تنش خشکی کاهش یافتند. درحالی­که مقدار مالون‌دی‌آلدهید و پرولین افزایش نشان دادند. حداکثر کارآیی کوآنتومی فتوسیستم II در تیمار شاهد (731/0) و حداقل آن در تیمار تنش قبل از انجام آبیاری (672/0) مشاهده شد، اما یک هفته بعد از آبیاری مجدد به میزان شاهد برگشت. در بین ارقام مورد بررسی رقم گرد با دارا بودن بیشترین مقادیر رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی، دارای تولید بالای ترکیبات آنتی اکسیدانی (ترکیبات فنولی و فلاونوئیدها) نیز بود. محتوای پرولین با اکثر ویژگی های مورد بررسی بجز مالون‌دی‌آلدهید همبستگی منفی نشان داد. تحت تنش خشکی برگ‌های رقم لانگ کمترین و رقم روند بیشترین خسارت (درصد نکروزگی) را متحمل شدند. ارقام لانگ، فرتیل و گرد در برابر خشکی تحمل نسبی بیشتری نسبت به ارقام دیگر داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of physiological and biochemical responses of some hazelnut cultivars under ‎drought stress and re-watering conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Shahi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Fatahi 2
  • Zabihollah Zamani 2
  • Reza Maali-Amiri 2
1 Ph.D. Candidate, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Due to decreasing in precipitation and under-ground water resources and increasing the chance of drought stress, it is necessary to select drought resistant or tolerant cultivars and genotypes. Hazelnut is one of the most important nut trees. In order to study responses of six hazelnut cultivars (‘Fertile’, ‘Ronde’, ‘Longue’, ‘Segorbe’, ‘Gerd’ and ‘Merville’) to drought stress, a RCBD based factorial experiment was carried out on three-year-old outdoor potted saplings. Irrigation treatments included control (regular watering), and drought stress (withdraw watering). Rewatering after drought stress period was performed and recovery of plants after one day and after one week were studied. Results of variance analysis showed significant differences between irrigation treatments as well as the cultivars. Photosynthetic pigments and the quantum efficiency decreased under drought stress, whereas, MDA and proline contents increased. The highest quantum efficiency of photosystem II was observed in control treatment (0.731) and the lowest was in stress treatment before rewatering, but one week after rewatering it returned to the control level. Gerd cultivar with highest amount of photosynthetic pigments had also the highest amounts of antioxidant compounds (phenolic compounds and flavonoids). Proline content had negative correlations with most of the studied characters except MDA. Under drought stress, ‘Longue’ and ‘Ronde’ expressed the lowest and the highest leaf injury (necrosis %), respectively. ‘Longue’, ‘Fertile’ and ‘Gerd’ cultivars were more tolerant to drought than other cultivars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • MDA
  • phenolic compounds
  • photosynthesis
  • photosynthetic pigments
  • proline‎

مراجع

  1. Abbaspour, H., Afshari, H. & Abdel-Wahhab, A. (2012). Influence of salt stress on growth, pigments, soluble sugars and ion accumulation in three pistachio cultivars. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6, 2468-2473.
  2. Apel, K. & Hirt, H. (2004). Reactive oxygen species: Metabolism, oxidative stress, and signal transduction. The Annual Review of Plant Biology, 55, 373-399.
  3. Arabzadeh, E., Fotouhi Ghazviny, R., Rahmani, M. & Saadatian, M. (2017). Effects of irrigation period on biochemical changes of some citrus species. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 82, 33-38.
  4. Ashraf, M. & Foolad, M. (2007) Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59, 206-216.
  5. Awada, T. & Josiah, S. (2007). Physiological responses of four hazelnut hybrids to water availability in Nebraska. Great Plains Research, 17, 193-202.
  6. Baily, C., Benamar, A., Corbineau, F. & Dôme, D. (1996). Changes in malondialdehyde content and in superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase activities in sunflower seed as related to deterioration during accelerated aging. Physiologia Plantarum, 97, 104-110.
  7. Baker, N. R. & Rosenqvist, E. (2004). Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence can improve crop production strategies: An examination of future possibilities. Journal of Experimental Botany, 55, 1607-1621.
  8. Baquedano, F. J. & Castillo, F. J. (2006). Comparative ecophysiological effects of drought on seedlings of the Mediterranean water saver Pinus halepensis and water-spenders Quercus coccifera and Quercus ilex. Trees, 20, 689-700.
  9. Bartels, D. & Sunkar, R. (2005). Drought and salt tolerance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 24, 23-58.
  10. Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P. & Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant & Soil, 39, 205-207.
  11. Bautista, I., Boscaiu, M., Lidon, A., Llinares, J. V., Lull, C., Donat, M. P., Mayoral, O. & Vicente, O. (2016). Environmentally induced changes in antioxidant phenolic compounds levels in wild plants. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 38(1), 9.
  12. Ben Ghnaya, A., Charles, G., Hourmant, A., Ben Hamida, J. & Branchard, M. (2007). Morphological and physiological characteristics of rapeseed plants regenerated in vitro from thin layers in the presence of zinc. Plant Biology and Pathology, 330, 728-734.
  13. Blainski, A., Lopes, G. C. & de Mello, J. C. P. (2013). Application and analysis of the Folin Ciocalteu method for the determination of the total phenolic content from Limonium brasiliense L. Molecules, 18, 6852-6865.
  14. Chen, D., Neumann, K., Friedel, S., Kilian, B., Chen, M., Altmann, T. & Klukas, C. (2014). Dissecting the phenotypic components of crop plant growth and drought responses based on high-throughput image analysis. Plant Cell, 26, 4636-4655.
  15. Cheynier, V., Comte, G., Davies, K. M., Lattanzio, V. & Martens, S. (2013). Plant phenolics: Recent advances on their biosynthesis, genetics, and ecophysiology. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 72, 1-20.
  16. Costa, M. A., Pinheiro, H. A., Shimizu, E. S. C., Fonseca, F. T., Filho, B. G. S., Moraes, F. K. C. & Figueiredo, D. M. (2010). Lipid peroxidation, chloroplastic pigments and antioxidant strategies in Carapa guianensis (Aubl.) subjected to water-deficit and short-term rewetting. Trees, 24, 275-283.
  17. Del Rio, D., Stewart, A. J. & Pellegrini, N. (2005). A review of recent studies on malondialdehyde as toxic molecule and biological marker of oxidative stress. Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases, 15, 316-328.
  18. Delauney, A. J. & Verma, D. P. S. (1993). Proline biosynthesis and osmoregulation in plants. The Plant Journal, 4, 215-223.
  19. Di Ferdinando, M., Brunetti, C., Agati, G. & Tattini, M. (2014). Multiple functions of polyphenols in plants inhabiting unfavourable Mediterranean areas. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 103, 107-116.
  20. Di Ferdinando, M., Brunetti, C., Fini, A. & Tattini, M. (2012). Flavonoids as antioxidants in plants under abiotic stresses. In: Ahmad P, Prasad MNV (Ed), Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants: Metabolism, Productivity and Sustainability. (pp. 159-179). Springer Science.
  21. Dubois, M., Gilles, K. A., Hamilton, J. K., Reberd, P. A. & Smith, F. (1956). Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Chemistry, 28, 350-356.
  22. Ehdaei, B. (1993). Selection for resistance to drought in wheat. In First Iranian Congress on Crop Production and Plant Breeding (pp. 43–62). Karaj, Iran. (in Farsi)
  23. El-Tayeb, M. A. (2006). Differential response of two Vicia faba cultivars to drought: Growth, pigments, lipid peroxidase, organic solutes, catalase and peroxidase acticity. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 54, 25-37
  24. Elvira, S., Alonso, R., Castillo, F. & Gimeno, B. S. (1998). On the response of pigments and antioxidants of Pinus halepensis seedlings to Mediterranean climatic factors and long-term ozone exposure. New Phytologist, 138, 419-432.
  25. Esmaeilpour, A., Van Labeke, M., Samson, R. & Van Damme, P. (2015). Osmotic stress affects physiological responses and growth characteristics of three pistachio cultivars. Acta Physiolgia Plantarum, 37, 1-14.
  26. Fini, A., Brunetti, C., Di Ferdinando, M., Ferrini, F. & Tattini, M. (2011). Stress-induced flavonoid biosynthesis and the antioxidant machinery of plants. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 6, 709-711.
  27. Fischer, C. & Höll, W. (1991). Food reserves in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). I. Seasonal changes in the carbohydrate and fat reserves of pine needles. Trees, 5, 187-195.
  28. Food and Agriculture Organization. (2018). from http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/DesktopDefault. aspx?PageID=567#ancor
  29. Gamo, M. (1999). Classification of arid regions by climate and vegetation. Journal of Arid Land, 1, 9-17.
  30. Gholami, M., Rahemi, M., Kholdebarin, B. & Rastegar, S. (2012). Biochemical responses in leaves of four fig cultivars subjected to water stress and recovery. Scientia Horticulturae, 148, 109-117.
  31. Gill, S. S. & Tuteja, N. (2010). Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 48, 909-930.
  32. Goodarzian Ghahfarokhi, M., Mansurifar, S., Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi, R., Saeidi, M., Jamshidi, A. M. & Ghasemi, E. (2015). Effects of drought stress and rewatering on antioxidant systems and relative water content in different growth stages of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 61, 493-506.
  33. Hare, P. D., Cress, W. A. & Van Staden, J. (1998). Dissecting the roles of osmolyte accumulation during stress. Plant Cell Environment, 21, 535-553.
  34. Hashimoto, Y., Kramer, P. F., Nonami, H. & Strain, B. R. (1990). Measurement Techniques in Plant Science. Academic Press, Inc.
  35. Hernandez, Y., Alegre, L. & Munne-Bosch, S. (2004). Drought-induced changes in flavonoids and other low molecular weight antioxidants in Cistus clusii grown under Mediterranean field conditions. Tree Physiology, 24, 1303-1311.
  36. Hodges, D. M., De Long, J. M., Forney, C. F., Robert, K. & Prange, R. K. (1999). Improving the thiobarbituric acid-reactive-substances assay for estimating lipid peroxidation in plant tissues containing anthocyanin and other interfering compounds. Planta, 207, 604-611.
  37. Hussain, B. & Ali, B. (2015). Leaf longevity in plants under water stress–A review. Indian Journal of Plant Sciences, 4, 127-133.
  38. Hussain, I., Ashraf, M. A., Anwar, F., Rasheed, R., Niaz, M. & Wahid A. (2013). Biochemical characterization of maize (Zea mays L.) for salt tolerance. Plant Biosystems, 148, 1016-1026.
  39. Jagtap, V., Bhargava, S., Sterb, P. & Feierabend, J. (1998). Comparative effect of water, heat and light stresses on photosynthetic reactions in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Journal of Experimental Botany, 49, 1715-1721.
  40. Karami, L., Ghaderi, N. & Javadi, T. (2017). Morphological and physiological responses of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) to drought stress and dust pollution. Folia Horticulturae, 29, 231-240.
  41. Khaleghi, E., Arzani, K., Moallemi, N. & Barzegar, M. (2012). Evaluation of chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and relationships between chlorophyll a, b and chlorophyll content index under water stress in Olea europaea cv. Dezful. International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation, 6, 2108-2111.
  42. Krause, G. H. (1988). Photoinhibition of photosynthesis. An evaluation of damaging and protective mechanisms. Physiolgia Plantarum, 74, 566-574.
  43. Lichtenthaler, H. K. (1987). Chlorophylls and carotenoids: Pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology, 148, 350-382.
  44. Lilley, J. M. & Ludlow, M. M. (1996). Expression of osmotic adjustment and dehydration tolerance in diverse rice lines. Field Crop Research, 48, 185-197.
  45. Liu, H. (2010). Exploring the utilization of Corylus. Farm Production Proceeding, 1, 24-25.
  46. Martins, J. P. R., Schimildt, E. R., Alexandre, R. S., Falqueto, A. R. & Otoni, W. C. (2015). Chlorophyll a fluorescence and growth of Neoregelia concentrica (Bromeliaceae) during acclimatization in response to light levels. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 51, 471-481.
  47. Miller, G., Suzuki, N., Ciftci-Yilmaz, S. & Mittler, R. (2010) Reactive oxygen species homeostasis and signalling during drought and salinity stresses. Plant Cell Environment, 33, 453-467
  48. Mingeau, M., Ameglio, T., Pons, B. & Rousseau, P. (1994). Effects of water stress on development, growth and yield of hazelnut trees. Acta Horticulturae, 351, 305-314.
  49. Mohammadzadeh, M., Fattahi, R., Zamani, Z. & Khadivi-Khub, A. (2014). Genetic identity and relationships of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) landraces as revealed by morphological characteristics and molecular markers. Scientia Horticulturae, 167, 17-26.
  50. Moradi, S., Baninasab, B., Gholami, M. & Ghobadi, C. (2016). Paclobutrazol application enhances antioxidant enzyme activities in pomegranate plants affected by cold stress. The Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 92, 65-71.
  51. Munne-Bosch, S. & Penuelas, J. (2003). Photo and antioxidative protection during summer leaf senescence in Pistacia lentiscus L. grown under Mediterranean field conditions. Annals of Botany, 92, 385-391
  52. Nakabayashi, R., Yonekura-Sakakibara, K., Urano, K., Suzuki, M., Yamada, Y., Nishizawa, T., Matsuda, F., Kojima, M., Sakakibara, H., Shinozaki, K., Michael, A. J., Tohge, T., Yamazaki, M. & Saito, K. (2014). Enhancement of oxidative and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis by overaccumulation of antioxidant flavonoids. Plant Journal, 77, 367-379.
  53. Nanjo, T., Kobayashi, K., Yoshiba, Y., Sanada, Y., Wada, K., Tsukaya, H., Kakubari, Y., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K. & Shinozaki, K. (1999). Biological functions of proline in morphogenesis and osmotolerance revealed in antisense transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal, 18, 1 85-1 93.
  54. Petridis, A., Therios, I., Samouris, G., Koundouras, S. & Giannakoul, A. (2012). Effect of water deficit on leaf phenolic composition, gas exchange, oxidative damage and antioxidant activity of four Greek olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 60, 1-11.
  55. Reddy, A., Chaitanya, K. V. & Vivekanandan, M. (2004). Drought-induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Journal of Plant Physiology, 161, 1189-1202.
  56. Schiop, S. T., Al Hassan, M., Sestras, A. F., Boscaiu, M., Sestras, R. E. & Vicente, O. (2017). Biochemical responses to drought, at the seedling stage, of several Romanian Carpathian populations of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst). Trees, 31, 1479-1490.
  57. Sun, X. P., Yan, H. L., Kang, X. Y. & Ma, F. W. (2013). Growth, gas exchange, and water-use efficiency response of two young apple cultivars to drought stress in two scion-one rootstock grafting system. Photosynthetica, 51, 404-410.
  58. Van Breusegem, F. & Dat, J. F. (2006). Reactive oxygen species in plant cell death. Plant Physiology, 141, 384-390.
  59. Van Breusegem, F., Vranova, E., Dat, J. F. & Inze, D. (2001). The role of active oxygen species in plant signal transduction. Plant Science, 161, 405-14.
  60. Weng, J. H., Liao, T. S., Hwang, M. Y., Chung, C-C., Lin, C-P. & Chu, C-H. (2006). Seasonal variation in photosystem II efficiency and photochemical reflectance index of evergreen trees and perennial grasses growing at low and high elevations in subtropical Taiwan. Tree Physiology, 26, 1097-1104.
  61. Yuan, X. K., Yang, Z. Q., Li, Q. & Liu W. H. (2016). Effects of different levels of water stress on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities of greenhouse tomato. Photosynthetica, 54, 28-39.
  62. Zandalinas, S. I., Balfagon, D., Arbona, V. & Gomez-Cadenas, A. (2017). Modulation of antioxidant defense system is associated with combined drought and heat stress tolerance in citrus. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 953.
  63. Zhishen, J., Mengcheng, T. & Jianming, W. (1999). The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals. Food Chemistry, 64, 555-559.
علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 1
خرداد 1399
صفحه 229-244

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 آبان 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 تیر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 شهریور 1397

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار