ارزیابی کاربرد کودهای آلی، شیمیایی، زیستی و اسیدهای آمینه بر صفات کمی و کیفی بابونه آلمانی ‏‏(‏Matricaria chamomilla L.‎‏) در برداشت‌های مختلف

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

3 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

4 دانشیار، دانشگاه پیام نور، مرکز مهاباد

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی اثر کاربرد اسیدهای ‌آمینه بر عملکرد و اسانس بابونه آلمانی در سطوح مختلف کودهای شیمیایی، آلی وزیستی، آزمایشی در سال 1396 به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مراغه اجرا شد. تیمارهای مورد ­بررسی شامل کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی، ورمی­کمپوست، کود دامی، کود مرغی و میکوریزا به‌عنوان فاکتور اول و محلول­پاشی و عدم محلول­پاشی اسیدهای­آمینه به‌عنوان فاکتور دوم بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین عملکرد گل در برداشت اول به­ترتیب در تیمارهای کود مرغی (4/225 گرم در مترمربع)، شیمیایی (6/204 گرم در متر مربع) و کود دامی (6/186 گرم در مترمربع) به‌دست آمد. در برداشت­های دوم، سوم، چهارم و کل تفاوت معنی‌داری بین کاربرد انواع کود مشاهده نشد. بیشترین درصد اسانس در برداشت‌های اول (92/0 درصد)، دوم (95/0 درصد) و برداشت کل (8/0 درصد) با کاربرد ورمی­کمپوست بدون تفاوت معنی‌دار با کود دامی و مرغی به­دست آمد. بیشترین عملکرد اسانس کل در تیمارهای کود مرغی (6/4 گرم در مترمربع) و ورمی­کمپوست (41/4 کیلوگرم در مترمربع) به­دست آمد. کاربرد اسیدهای‌آمینه باعث افزایش معنی­دار عملکرد گل، درصد اسانس، عملکرد اسانس و عملکرد بیولوژیکی نسبت به عدم کاربرد آنها در تمامی برداشت‌ها شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of organic, chemical, biological and amino acids application on ‎quantitative and qualitative characteristics of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla ‎L.) at different harvesting

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyede Kani Mirseyedi 1
  • Yousef Nasiri 2
  • Mohammad Reza Morshedloo 3
  • Marouf Khalili 4
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Payame Noor University, Mahabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of amino acids application on yield and essential oil of German chamomile under various levels of chemical, organic and biological fertilizers, an experiment was conducted as a factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh in 2017. The treatments were included application of chemical fertilizers, vermicompost, farmyard manure, poultry manure and mycorrhiza as the first factor and foliar application and non application of amino acids as the second factor. Results showed that the highest flower yield at the first harvest was obtained in poultry manure (225.4 g.m-2), chemical (204.6 g.m-2) and vermicompost (186.6 g.m-2) treatments, respectively. At the second, third, fourth and total harvests no significant differences were observed between the applications of different types of fertilizers. The highest essential oil percentage was obtained at the first (0.92 %), second (0.95 %) and total harvests (0.8 %) with vermicompost application without significant difference with farmyar and poultry manures. The highest total essential oil yield was obtained in poultry manure (4.6 g.m-2) and vermicompost (4.41 g.m-2) treatments. Application of amino acids led to significant increase in flower yield, essential oil percentage, essential oil yield and biological yield in all harvests as compared to non-application.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biostimulator
  • chamomile
  • essential oil
  • flower yield
  • mycorrhiza
  • vermicompost‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 4
اسفند 1398
صفحه 755-767

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 شهریور 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 مهر 1397

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