ارزیابی تنوع نژادگان‌های امیدبخش گردو در استان کرمانشاه بر پایۀ ویژگی‌های روغن و تعیین همبستگی این ویژگی‌ها با برخی صفات ریختی و بوم‌شناختی گیاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

2 استاد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

چکیده

مغز گردو به دلیل ترکیب شیمیایی اسیدهای چرب از لحاظ تغذیه‌ای و اقتصادی اهمیت داشته و تأثیر مثبتی در سلامتی انسان دارد. در این پژوهش که در سال 1393 انجام گرفت، 18 نژادگان (ژنوتیپ) که از لحاظ ویژگی‌های میوه و مغز از رقم چندلر بالاتر بودند برای بررسی وضعیت روغن و اسیدهای چرب آن‌ها انتخاب شدند. میزان روغن با دستگاه سوکسله اندازه­گیری شد و دامنۀ تغییرات آن بین 75-32/57 درصد وزن خشک مغز گردو بود. نوع و میزان اسیدهای چرب روغن گردو با دستگاه GC اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از این بررسی نشان داد، بیش از 88 درصد ترکیب اسیدهای چرب روغن گردو از نوع غیراشباع بود. از اسیدهای چرب روغن گردو لینولئیک اسید (77/57-38/39 درصد)، اسید چرب غالب و اولئیک اسید (29/41-67/20 درصد)، لینولنیک اسید (89/12-84/7 درصد)، پالمتیک اسید (33/9-7/6 درصد) و استئاریک اسید (67/4-47/1 درصد) بیشترین مقادیر را داشتند. ارزیابی همبستگی بین صفات در این بررسی نشان داد، ارتباط منفی معنی‌داری بین اسیدهای چرب‌ اولئیک اسید و لینولئیک اسید وجود دارد. نتایج این بررسی همچنین نشان داد، درصد میزان روغن و ترکیب اسیدهای چرب مغز گردو تحت تأثیر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی دانه و شرایط اقلیمی مناطق قرار نگرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of diversity of walnut promising genotypes in Kermanshah province according to oil properties and determine the correlation of these traits with some morphological and ecological characters

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zeinab Shafaei Chorush 1
  • Kazem Arzani 2
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Walnut kernel due to the chemical composition of fatty acids can be nutritionally and economically very important and has positive effect on human health. In this study, which was carried out during 2014 growing season, Eighteen walnuts genotypes in terms of fruit and kernel characteristics which were higher than “Chandler”, were selected to evaluate their oil and fatty acids. The oil was measured with Soxhlet and its variation range was between 57. 32-75 percent dry weight in walnut kernel. The type and amount of fatty acids were analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC). Results of this study showed that kernel oil contains more than 88 percent unsaturated fatty acids. Among the identified fatty acids in walnut oil, linoleic acid (39.38-57.77%) was the predominant fatty acid followed by oleic acid (20.67-41.29%), linolenic acid (7.84-12.89%), palmitic acid (6.7-9.33%) and stearic acid (1.47-4.67%). (Traits in this study showed no significant correlation between kernel weight and altitude with oil amount, but the negative correlation was observed between oleic acid and linoleic acid. Results of this study showed, walnut oil content and fatty acid composition were not affected by physical characteristics and climatic conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Correlation
  • fatty acids composition
  • unsaturated fatty acids
  • Walnut oil

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 مرداد 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 مهر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 آبان 1395

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