تأثیر تغذیۀ نیتروژن در توپیاری گل داودی (Chrysanthemum grandiflorum)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

جهت افزایش زیبایی مشخصۀ توپیاری گل داودی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه بلوک (تکرار) و چهار تیمار شامل کاربرد نیتروژن در چهار مقدار 0، 100، 150 و 200 میلی‌گرم در هر کیلوگرم خاک با اضافه کردن نیترات آمونیوم به‌عنوان کود پایه به بستر کاشت انجام شد. در هر کرت آزمایشی (پلات) دو گلدان (هر گلدان حاوی یک بوته) گل داودی قرار داشت. قلمه­های ریشه­دار داودی (Chrysanthemum grandiflorum) ژنوتیپ سفید (کد 288) در بستر کشت حاوی نسبت حجمی مساوی از خاک مزرعه با بافت لوم، خاک‌برگ پوسیده و ماسۀ شسته کشت شد. از قالب­های هرمی شکل با استفاده از سیم­های فلزی با پایه­های چوبی به‌منظور توپیاری گل داودی استفاده شد. اثر کوددهی نیتروژنی در شرایط هدایت‌شده بر صفات ارتفاع، شمار و سطح برگ، طول ریشه، وزن تر و خشک، میزان سبزینۀ (کلروفیل) کل، میزان نیتروژن بافت و صفات زایشی ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد میزان سبزینۀ کل با افزایش سطح نیتروژن افزایش یافت. بیشترین میزان صفات رویشی در سطح نیتروژن 200-150 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک و بیشترین میزان صفات زایشی در سطح نیتروژن 150-100 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم بود. بنابراین، برای تأمین رشد رویشی مناسب در توسعۀ شاخۀ گل داودی در توپیاری تأمین سطوح بالای نیتروژن (200 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) در مرحلۀ رشد رویشی و کاهش تغذیه با نیتروژن تا سطح 100 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم خاک برای فرآیند گلدهی آن در شرایط یادشده، مناسب بوده و قابل توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Influence of nitrogen nutrition in topiary of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum grandiflorum)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behrouz Janipour 1
  • Azizollah Khandan-Mirkohi 1
  • Fatemeh Jamali 2
  • Ahmad Khalighi 3
1 Assistant Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 M.Sc. Student, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

An experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications performed in order to find the best levels of nutrition with 4 nitrogen levels 0, 100, 150 and 200 mg per kg soil using ammonium nitrate as a fertilizer source to increase the beauty performance in topiary of chrysanthemum. For each experimental plot, two pots (one plant per pot) were used. Rooted cuttings of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum grandiflorum) code 288, cultivated in substrate consisted of equal volume of loam soil, peat and sand. The pyramid-shaped frames made using a metal wire with a wooden base to form a given topiary type for chrysanthemum. The effect of nitrogen fertilization on plant growth capability in the current condition with regard to the plant height, leaf number and area, root length, fresh and dry weight, total chlorophyll content, tissue nitrogen content and reproductive traits evaluated. The results showed that total chlorophyll content increased with increasing nitrogen levels. Most of the growth traits were higher at the level of 200-150 mg N per kg of soil and maximum nitrogen levels of 150-100 mg kg was suitable for reproductive traits. Therefore, to ensure proper growth of chrysanthemum branches in topiary form, furnishing of 200 mg N per kg of soil on vegetative growth stage and feeding reduction to 100 mg per kg of soil for the flowering process is appropriate and advisable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Form building
  • Green spaces
  • landscaping
  • ornamental plants
  • pruning

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 دی 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 بهمن 1394

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