تأثیر محلول‌پاشی کلسیم و بُر روی برخی ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی میوۀ سیب رقم گلاب کهنز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد سابق، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

2 استادیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر محلول‌پاشی کلسیم و بُر بر برخی ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی میوۀ سیب رقم گلاب کهنز، آزمایشی در دو سال در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با ده تیمار و چهار تکرار  (درمجموع شامل چهل درخت) انجام گرفت. تیمارهای محلول‌پاشی شامل سه غلظت 5/0، 75/0، 1 درصد، کلرید کلسیم و همچنین سه غلظت یادشده در ترکیب با اسید بوریک 05/0 درصد، سه ترکیب تجاری کلبرون (کلسیم 34درصد  و بُر 1درصد)، کلسیوگرین (کلسیم 34درصد) و ست (کلسیم 8درصد و بُر 5/0درصد) و تیمار شاهد بود. میزان ریزش میوه پیش از برداشت، برخی از ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی میوه، عنصرهای کانی پتاسیم، کلسیم و بُر و همچنین فعالیت آنزیم‌های پاداکسندگی (آنتی‌اکسیدانی) سوپر اکسید دیسموتاز، اسکوربیک پراکسیداز و کاتالاز اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد، همۀ تیمارهای کلرید کلسیم به تنهایی، کلرید کلسیم در ترکیب با بُر و ترکیب­های تجاری در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد، میزان ریزش میوه، میزان لک، میزان زنگار و همچنین رنگ میوه را کاهش و میزان سفتی، pH، ویتامین ث، محتوای کلسیم و بُر میوه و همچنین فعالیت هر سه آنزیم پاداکسندگی را افزایش داد. تیمارهای ترکیبی کلسیم و بُر نسبت به تیمارهای کلسیم به تنهایی، در بیشتر ویژگی‌ها برتر بودند و یا اختلاف معنی‌داری نداشتند. اگرچه بین غلظت­های مختلف کلرید کلسیم و همچنین بین ترکیب‌های تجاری و کلرید کلسیم در بیشتر ویژگی‌ها اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود نداشت، ولی به‌طورکلی در بین تیمارها، کلرید کلسیم 75/0 درصد در ترکیب با اسید بوریک 05/0 درصد بهترین تیمار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of calcium and boron spray application on fruit’s quantitative and qualitative characteristics of ‘Golab-e Kohanz’ apple

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahram Azadi Bougar 1
  • Ali Gharaghani 2
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the foliar application effect of calcium and boron on fruit quantitative and qualitative characteristics of ‘Golab-e kohanz’ apple, an experiment was carried out for two years. Experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with 10 treatments and 4 replications (totally include 40 trees). The treatments included calcium chloride (CaCl2) with 3 concentrations of 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%, calcium chloride with 3 mentioned concentrations + 0.05% Boric Acid, and three commercial calcium fertilizer, Calsiogreen (34% Ca), Calboron (34% Ca + 1% B) and Set (8% Ca + 0.5% B), and control. Pre-harvest fruit drop, some of fruit quantitative and qualitative traits, potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and boron (B) content, as well as some antioxidant enzymes activities including Catalase (CAT), Ascorbic peroxidase (APX), and Super oxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. Results showed that almost all of Ca treatments (single, in combination with B and even commercial Ca fertilizers) comparing to the control, decreased pre-harvest fruit drop, bruising and russetting incidence as well as fruit color but increased firmness, pH, ascorbic acid, Ca and B as well as antioxidant enzymes activities. Combined treatments of Ca and B performed better results or had no significant difference with single Ca treatments in many of evaluated fruit characteristics. However, there were no significant differences among different concentrations of Calcium chloride as well as between calcium chloride and commercial Ca fertilizers in most of the measured fruit characteristics but generally calcium chloride of 0.75% combined with 0.05% boric acid was the best treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant Enzymes
  • Apple
  • boron
  • Calcium Chloride
  • fruit firmness
  • pre-harvest drop

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 مهر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 دی 1394

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