تأثیر تیمار پس‏ از برداشت اسید سالیسیلیک بر فعالیت آنزیم فنیل‏آلانین‏ آمونیالیاز، تشکیل لیگنین و کنترل عارضۀ خمیدگی ساقۀ گل‏دهندۀ ژربرا

نظری دلجو, محمد جواد; خلیقی, احمد; عرب, مصطفی; کرمیان, رویا; جابریان همدان, حمیده

doi:10.22059/ijhs.2015.54623

تأثیر تیمار پس‏ از برداشت اسید سالیسیلیک بر فعالیت آنزیم فنیل‏آلانین‏ آمونیالیاز، تشکیل لیگنین و کنترل عارضۀ خمیدگی ساقۀ گل‏دهندۀ ژربرا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران

² استاد، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

³ استادیار، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران

⁴ دانشیار، گروه زیست‏شناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم پایه، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

⁵ دانشجوی دکتری بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان

10.22059/ijhs.2015.54623

چکیده

مهم‌ترین عارضۀ پس‏ از برداشت ژربرا، خمیدگی ساقه در ‏ناحیۀ زیر گل‏آذین است. پدیدۀ تشکیل لیگنین یکی ‏از فرضیه‏های مهم مطالعه‌شده و دلایل خمیدگی ساقۀ ژربراست. به‏منظور مطالعۀ تأثیر اسید ‏سالیسیلیک بر فعالیت آنزیم فنیل‏آلانین ‏آمونیالیاز به‌منزلۀ مهم‌ترین آنزیم دخیل در چرخۀ فنیل‏پروپانوییدها و‏ در‌نتیجه تشکیل لیگنین و کنترل عارضۀ خمیدگی ساقه، آزمایشی با‏ استفاده از سطوح مختلف اسید ‏سالیسیلیک (mM 1 و 75/0، 5/0، 25/0، 0) در دو رقم ژربرای حساس (Ecco) و مقاوم (Double dutch) به خمیدگی براساس آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایۀ طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج آزمایش بیانگر تأثیر معنا‏دار رقم، هورمون و اثر متقابل رقم و اسید ‏سالیسیلیک بر پایداری غشای سلولی، درصد ‏خمیدگی، فعالیت آنزیم فنیل‏آلانین ‏آمونیالیاز و ‏تشکیل لیگنین بود. با توجه ‏به نتایج آزمایش ارتباط مستقیم و منفی بین میزان فعالیت آنزیم فنیل‏آلانین ‏آمونیالیاز و درجۀ خمیدگی ساقه وجود داشت. بر همین ‏اساس رقم Double dutch با ‏درجۀ خمیدگی کمتر، فعالیت آنزیمی دو برابری نسبت به رقم Ecco با درجۀ خمیدگی بیشتر، نشان داد. همچنین اسید سالیسیلیک بسته به غلظت و رقم تأثیر معنا‏داری بر فعالیت آنزیم فنیل‏آلانین ‏آمونیالیاز، تشکیل لیگنین و در‌نتیجه عارضۀ خمیدگی ساقه نشان داد. به‏طوری‏که بیشترین فعالیت آنزیمی در ارقام Double dutch و Ecco به‌ترتیب در غلظت‏های 5/0 و 25/0 میلی‏مولار حاصل شد. به‏طور‌کلی، نتایج آزمایش بیانگر تأثیر مثبت اسید سالیسیلیک به‌ویژه در غلظت‏های پایین بر لیگنین ساقۀ گل‏دهنده و عارضۀ خمیدگی ساقۀ ارقام بررسی‌شده ژربرا بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.2008482.1394.46.2.10.1

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of postharvest pulse treatment of salicylic acid on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity (PAL), lignin formation and stem bending disorder of gerbera cut flowers

نویسندگان [English]

Mohammad Javad Nazari deljou ¹
Ahmad Khalighi ²
Mostafa Arab ³
Roya Karamian ⁴
Hamide Jaberian Hamedan ⁵

¹ Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran

² . Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Colleague of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Tehran University, Karaj, Iran

³ . Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Colleague of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University, Pakdasht, Iran

⁴ . Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

⁵ Post Graduate Student, Department of Plant Biotechnology, Guilan University, Guilan, Iran

چکیده [English]

The most important postharvest disorder of cut gerbera is stem bending disorder, which occurs below the capitulum. Stem strength and lignification is one of important phenomenon and causes of gerbera stem bending. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of salicylic acid (SA) on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity (PAL), as an important enzyme in phenylpropanoids pathway, consequently lignin formation and stem bending disorder of cut gerberas, with different pulse treatment of SA (0,0.25,0.5,0.75 and 1 mM) on two gerbera cultivars with different stem bending percentages. Based on the results, cultivar, SA and their interaction effects, showed significant effects on ion leakage, stem bending, PAL activity and lignification. The results showed a direct and negative correlation between PAL activity and stem bending. Accordingly, ‘Double dutch’ as a resistant cultivar to stem break showed 2 times higher PAL activity than ‘Ecco’ with high stem bending. SA effect depending on cultivar and concentration, had significant effect on PAL, lignification and stem bending; so that, the highest enzyme activity in ‘Double dutch’ and ‘Ecco’ cultivars was observed at 0.5 and 0.25mM concentrations, respectively. The results showed that, SA in low concentrations with increasing of stem lignification led to decreasing of stem bending disorder in both cultivars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Phenylpropanoids pathway
Lignin
resistant and sensitive cultivar to stem bending
stem strength
stem break
postharvest losses

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