بررسی مولکولی و پاسخ‌های مورفو- فیزیولوژیک برخی دانهال‌های وحشی گیلاس تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ‏کرج، ایران

4 استادیار، دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران

5 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

6 استاد، ‌مؤسسه ‏CEBAS-CSIC، اسپیناردو مورسیا، اسپانیا

چکیده

گیلاس (Prunus avium L.) جزو بهترین میوه‌ها برای تازه‌‌خوری می‌باشد که در صنعت میوه‌کاری ایران از جایگاه و اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. با توجه به ژرم‌پلاسم غنی زیر جنس سراسوس (Cerasus) در ایران، دانش در مورد پتانسیل ژنتیکی این زیر جنس برای شناخت مخازن‌ژنی و توسعه استراتژی‌های موثر برای حفاظت از ژرم‌پلاسم مهم است. در این مطالعه، بذور ژنوتیپ‌های زیرجنس سراسوس متعلق به گونه‌های P. avium ،P. microcarpa  و P. incana  کشت شدند و در شرایط آبیاری کامل و بدون آبیاری با انجام تجزیه و تحلیل فیزیولوژیک در پاسخ به تنش مورد سنجش قرار گرفتند. از نقطه نظر ژنومی، تنوع ژنتیکی دانهال‌های این ژنوتیپ‌ها با استفاده از نشانگرهای توالی ساده تکراری (SSR) بررسی شد. از نظر مورفولوژیکی، گونه P. microcarpa  سطح برگ، ارتفاع و قطر ساقه کمتری را در مقایسه با گونه‌های P. incana  و به‌طور عمده  avium P. نشان داد. میزان فتوسنتز در دانهال‌ها طی تنش خشکی کاهش یافت ولی این کاهش در گونه P. avium ژنوتیپ Avi-Ala 11 (5.500 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1)  در مقایسه با گونه P. incana ژنوتیپInc-Kho  (10.760 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1) و گونه P. microcarpa ژنوتیپ Mic-Kor 3 (10.340 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1) بیشتر بود. نتایج نشان داد که هر دو گونه P. microcarpa  و P. incana  را می‌توان به‌عنوان پایه مقاوم به خشکی در گیلاسی‌ها و منبع ژنتیکی احتمالی اصلاح‌گران خشکی در نظر گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق همچنین می‌تواند به تعیین رابطه بین داده‌های فنوتیپی و مولکولی برای شناسایی نشانگرهای مولکولی مرتبط با تحمل به خشکی کمک ‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Molecular studies and the morpho-physiological response of some wild cherry ‎genotypes under drought stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Jalili 1
  • Kazem Arzani 2
  • Naser Bouzari 3
  • Mahmoud Reza Roozban 4
  • Nima Ahmadi 5
  • Pedro Martínez-Gómez 6
1 Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, (TMU), Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, (TMU), Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute (HSRI), Agriculture, Education and ‎Extention Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran‎
5 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, (TMU), Tehran, Iran
6 Professor, CEBAS-CSIC Institute, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
چکیده [English]

Cherry (Prunus avium L.) is one of the best fresh fruits, which has a special place and importance in the Iranian fruit industry. Considering the rich germplasm of the Cerasus subgenus in Iran, knowledge of the genetic potential of this subgenus is important for identifying gene reservoirs and developing effective strategies for germplasm conservation. In this study, the seedling of some genotypes in the Cerasus subgenus P. avium, P. microcarpa, and P. incana species was assayed in full and without irrigation conditions performing physiological analysis in response to stress. From a genomic point of view, the genetic diversity of these genotypes seedlings was assessed using simple-sequence repeat markers (SSR). Morphologically, P. microcarpa species showed lower leaf area, height, and diameter compared to P. incana and mainly P. avium. Photosynthesis in seedlings decreased during drought stress, but this decrease was more in Avi-Ala 11 (5,500 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1) compared to Inc-Kho (10,760 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1) and Mic-Kor 3 (10,340 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1). Our results show that both P. microcarpa and P. incana species can be considered drought-resistant rootstock in cherries and a possible genetic source for drought breeders. The results of this research can also help to determine the relationship between phenotypic and genotypic data for the identification of molecular markers associated with drought tolerance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cerasus subgenus
  • photosynthesis
  • Prunus
  • simple sequence repeats (SSR)‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 967-976

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 اسفند 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 خرداد 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 تیر 1401

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