مطالعه تأثیر محرک‌های رشد گیاهی بر عملکرد غده کل و قابل‌فروش و صفات کیفی سیب‌زمینی رقم ‏سانته

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی ‏و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

2 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش ‏کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

3 محقق بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی ‏و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور مطالعه اثر محرک­های رشد گیاهی بر عملکرد و مشخصات کیفی سیب­زمینی رقم سانته، آزمایشی براساس طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با هشت تیمار و سه تکرار طی سال زراعی (99-1398) در مزرعه تحقیقاتی ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بهبهان انجام شد. تیمارها عبارت بودند از شاهد (بدون مواد محرک رشد)، اسید هیومیک، اسید آمینه آزاد (L) ، اسید آمینه-روی، اسید آمینه-پتاسیم، اسید آمینه-کلسیم، اسید آمینه–پتاسیم–کلسیم، مصرف توأم اسید هیومیک، اسید آمینه–روی و اسید آمینه–پتاسیم–کلسیم. نتایج نشان داد محرک­های رشد گیاهی (به­جز اسید آمینه آزاد) باعث افزایش معنی­دار عملکرد غده کل و قابل فروش نسبت به شاهد شدند. افزایش عملکرد غده کل و قابل فروش در تیمار مصرف توأم به­طور معنی­داری نسبت به کلیه تیمارها بیشتر بود. محرک­های رشد باعث کاهش معنی­دار درصد عملکرد غده غیرقابل فروش و اجزای تشکیل دهنده آن (غده­های ریز، غده­های ترک خورده و رشد ثانویه) نسبت به شاهد شدند. این مواد باعث افزایش معنی­دار درصد پروتئین غده، غلظت­های نیتروژن، فسفر (به­جز اسید آمینه­های پتاسیم و کلسیم­دار) و پتاسیم غده (به­جز اسید آمینه-کلسیم) در سطح احتمال پنج درصد شدند. تیمار اسید آمینه–کلسیم و تیمار مصرف توأم باعث افزایش معنی­دار درصد ماده خشک غده شدند. کاربرد محرک‌های رشد (به­جز اسید آمینه-پتاسیم و اسید آمینه-کلسیم) سبب کاهش معنی­دار نیترات غده شدند. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، کاربرد توأم محرک­های رشد برای کشت رقم سانته توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study the effect of plant growth biostimulants on total tuber yield, marketable tuber ‎yield and qualitative characteristics of potato‏ ‏‎(Sante cultivar)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Rafie 1
  • Abulsttar Darabi 2
  • Maryam Javadzadeh 3
1 Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Research Department, Khouzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources ‎Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ahwaz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and ‎Education Center, AREEO, Ahwaz, Iran
3 Researcher, Soil and Water Research Department, Khouzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources ‎Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ahwaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

This research was conducted to investigate the influence of plant growth biostimulants on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of potato (Solanum tubersom cv. Sante) in randomized complete blocks design with eight treatments and three replications at Behbahan Agricultural Research Station in one year (2019-2020). Treatments included: control (no application of plant growth biostimulants), humic acid, free amino acid (L), amino acid-Zn, amino acid-K, amino acid-Ca, amino acid-K-Ca and combine application of humic acid, amino acid-Zn and amino acid-K-Ca. The results showed plant growth biostimulants (except free amino acid) significantly increased total and marketable tuber yield as compared with control. The treatment of combined significantly increased total and marketable yield in comparision to other treatments. Biostimulants significantly decreased unmarketable yield and its components (small tubers, cracked tubers and tubers with secondary growth) as compared with control. Application of biostimulants significantly increased the tuber protein percentage and concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus (except amino acid-K, amino acid-Ca and amino acid-K-Ca) and potassium tubers (except amino acid-Ca). Amino acid-Ca and the treatment of combined significantly increased dry matter content. Application of growth biostimulants (except amino acid-K and amino acid-Ca) significantly decreased concentration of tuber nitrate. According to the results, application of combined plant growth biostimulants for cultivation of Sante cultivar is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Amino acid
  • humic acid
  • nitrate
  • protein
  • unmarketable

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 769-783

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 خرداد 1400

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