بررسی صفات متمایزکننده برخی ارقام و ژنوتیپ‌های گیلاس بومی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، پژوهشکده میوه‎ ‎های معتدله و سردسیری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ‏کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان ‏تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

3 محقق، مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

شناسایی صفات متمایز کننده ارقام گیلاس (Prunus avium L.) یکی از قدم های ضروری در جلوگیری از تکثیر ارقام مختلف با یک نام می باشد. این پژوهش با هدف مطالعه مورفولوژی، پومولوژی و شناسایی صفات متمایزکننده هفت رقم تجاری و پنج ژنوتیپ گیلاس به مدت دو سال بر اساس دستورالعمل UPOV انجام گردید. براساس نتایج نه رقم/ژنوتیپ گیلاس شیشه­ای مشهد، پیش­رس مشهد، تکدانه مشهد، سفید- 90، پیش‌رس2، شبستر-6، دوم رس مشهد، سیاه دانشکده و سیاه مشهد دارای 19 صفت متمایزکننده مورفولوژی و پومولوژی بودند. رقم تکدانه مشهد با وزن میوه 93/10 و وزن هسته 88/0 گرم، از سایر ارقام و ژنوتیپ‌ها متمایز گردید. صفات انحصاری ضخامت و طول دم میوه تمایز قابل توجهی را بین ارقام سیاه مشهد و شبستر-6 ایجاد نمود. عادت رشد افراشته نیز تنها در رقم سیاه دانشکده مشاهده گردید. تعداد عدسک در شاخه یکساله با حالت تظاهر خیلی زیاد، رقم شیشه ای مشهد را از سایر ارقام و ژنوتیپ‌ها متمایز نمود. علاوه بر وزن میوه، آرایش گلبرگ و زمان رسیدن ارقام تک دانه مشهد و سیاه مشهد را از یکدیگر متمایز نمود. در میان صفات مطالعه شده عادت رشد درخت، آرایش گلبرگ، زمان رسیدن، رنگ پوست از نظر تمایز بین ارقام گیلاس از اهمیت بیشتری برخوردار بودند که اغلب آن‌ها در انطباق با صفات ستاره­دار دستورالعمل UPOV بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of distinguishing traits in some Iranian sweet cherrycultivars and genotypes ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Naser Bouzari 1
  • Ebrahim Ganji Moghadam 2
  • Abdo Reza Kavand 3
1 Associate Professor, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education ‎and Extension Organization(AREEO), Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources ‎Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran
3 Resercher, Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization ‎‎(ARREO), Karaj, Iran‎
چکیده [English]

Identifying distinctive traits in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars is one of the essential steps to prevent the propagation of different cultivars with the same name. This research aimed to assess morphology and pomology, and identifying distinctive traits of seven commercial cultivars and five genotypes for two years according to UPOV guidelines. Based on results, nine sweet cherry cultivars/genotypes including Shisheei-Mashhad, Pishras-Mashhad, Takdaneh-Mashhad, Sefid-90, Pishras2, Shabestar-6, Dovomras-Mashhad, Siyah-Daneshkade and Siyah-Mashhad had 19 morphological and pomological distinctive traits. Takdaneh-Mashhad cultivar with a fruit weight of 10.93 and stone weight of 0.88 g was distinguished from other cultivars and genotypes. Excusive traits of thickness and length of fruit stalk made a significant difference between Siyah-Mashhad and Shabestar-6 cultivars. The number of lenticels in the one year old shoot with very high visibility differentiated the Shisheei-Mashhad cultivar from other cultivars and genotypes. In addition to fruit weight, petal arrangement and ripening time, distinguished Takdaneh-Mashhad and Siyah-Mashhad cultivars. Among the studied traits, tree habit, petal arrangement, fruit ripening and skin color, were more significant traits to distinguish the sweet cherry cultivars that most of them were in accordance with asterisked characteristics in UPOV's guidelines.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Distinctive traits
  • morphological marker
  • pomological traits
  • sweet cherry

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 751-767

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 18 تیر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 آذر 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 دی 1400

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