تأثیر کم‌آبیاری بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب در برخی رقم‌های سیب‌زمینی ‏‏(‏Solanum tuberosum L.‎‏) حاصل از تلاقی دای الل‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان ‏تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران

4 دانشیار، پژوهشگاه ملی مهندسی ژنتیک و زیست‌فناوری، تهران، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به منظور ایجاد تنوع ژنتیکی و دستیابی به هیبریدهای مناسب از نظر صفات زراعی، بازارپسندی و سازگار با شرایط اقلیمی مناطق سیب­زمینی­خیز کشور و متحمل به کم­آبیاری، به مدت دو سال (1395 و 1396) در منطقه اردبیل انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام گرفت. کرت اصلی کم آبیاریدر سه سطح (100، 80 و 60 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه) و کرت فرعی شامل 12 جمعیت سیب‏زمینی بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد بین سطوح مختلف کم‌آبیاری، ژنوتیپ و اثرمتقابل بین آنها از لحاظ صفات تعداد و وزن غده در بوته، عملکرد غده، تعداد ساقه اصلی در بوته و طول استولون تفاوت معنی­دار و از لحاظ صفت درصد ماده خشک غده فقط بین ژنوتیپ­ها تفاوت معنی­دار مشاهده گردید. دراین آزمایش از 279 تلاقی موفق 244 هیبرید انتخاب گردید. هیبریدهای انتخاب شده دارای ۵/۹۷۵ گرم و ۵/۷ غده در بوته بودند. در هر سه شرایط محیطی بیشترین وزن غده در بوته و عملکرد غده مربوط به هیبرید آگریا♀ × کایزر♂ و در شرایط نرمال و تنش ملایم متعلق به هیبرید کایزر ♀ × ساوالان♂ بود. بیشترین کارایی مصرف آب در هر سه شرایط محیطی (100، 80 و 60 آب قابل استفاده) در هیبریدهای 2 ]آگریا (والد مادری) × کایزر (والد پدری)[ و 9 ]کایزر (والد مادری)× ساوالان (والد پدری)[ مشاهده گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of deficit irrigation on yield, yield component and water use efficiency in some ‎potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars from diallel crossing

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghasem Rahimi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Hassandokht 2
  • Davoud Hassanpanah 3
  • Amir Mousavi Mousavi 4
1 Ph.D. Graduate, Department of Horticulture Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, ‎Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Horticulture‏ ‏Crops Research Department, Ardabil‏ ‏Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, ‎Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ardabil, Iran‎
4 Assocaite Professor, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted for create genetic diversity and access to suitable hybrids in terms of agronomic traits, marketability and adaptation to climatic conditions and tolerance to water deficit stress in Ardabil region during two years (2017 and 2018). The experiment was splitplot based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The main plot was deficit irrigationat three levels (100, 80 and 60% of plant water requirement) and the sub plot consisted of 12 potato populations. Results of analysis of variance showed that there was significant difference between different levels of deficit irrigation, genotypes and their interactions in terms of number and weight of tuber per plant, tuber yield, number of main stems per plant and length of stolon and in terms of tuber dry matter percentage, only significant difference was observed between genotypes. In this experiment of the 279 successful crossings 244 hybrids were selected. Selected hybrids had an average of 975.5 g and 7.5 tubers per plant. In all three environmental conditions, the highest tuber weight per plant and tuber yield was related to ♂Agria × ♀Ceaser hybrid, and in normal and moderate stress conditionsbelonged to ♂Savalan × ♀Ceaser hybrid. The highest water use efficiency was observed in all three environmental conditions in hybrids 2 [Agria (mother parent) × Caeser (mother parent)] and 9 [Caeser (mother parent) × Savalan (father parent)].

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hybrid
  • quantitative and qualitative traits
  • tuber dry matter

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 2
شهریور 1401
صفحه 531-542

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 31 شهریور 1399

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