برهمکنش شوری و سولفات آمونیوم بر رشد و غلظت عناصر غذایی در گیاهان پرتقال والنسیا پیوندشده ‏روی لیمو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش ‏کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

تحت تنش شوری جذب عناصر غذایی از جمله نیتروژن، کاهش می‏یابد.  به منظور مطالعه اثر نیتروژن بر رشد و غلظت عناصر غذایی در پرتقال والنسیای پیوند شده روی پایه لیمو، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل انجام شد. عامل اول شوری آب آبیاری در چهار سطح (86/0، 2، 4 و 6 دسی زیمنس بر متر) و عامل دوم نیتروژن در پنج سطح (50، 80، 120، 160 و 200 میلی‏گرم نیتروژن در کیلوگرم خاک) بود. شوری غلظت یون‏های سدیم در برگ و ریشه و کلر در برگ را تا حد سمیت افزایش داد و وزن ماده خشک برگ و ریشه را کاهش داد. شوری 6 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر نسبت به شوری 86/0 به ترتیب سبب افزایش 9، 5 و20 برابری محتوای سدیم برگ و ریشه و کلر برگ گردید. نیتروژن تأثیر محسوسی بر غلظت سدیم برگ نداشت، اما در شوری 2، 4 و 6، افزایش کاربرد نیتروژن از 50 به 200 میلی‏گرم در کیلوگرم خاک به ترتیب سبب کاهش 19، 16 و 18 درصدی غلظت کلر برگ شد که متناظر با آن وزن خشک برگ 117، 39 و 42 درصد افزایش یافت. شوری غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم و عناصر کم مصرف را در گیاه کاهش داد و در بعضی موارد به کمتر از حدود بهینه رساند. در مقابل نیتروژن با بهبود این تأثیر سوء، غلظت این عناصر را در بافت گیاهی افزایش داد. بر اساس نتایج، در شرایط شور می‏توان با در نظر گرفتن ملاحظات زیست‌محیطی از مقادیر نیتروژن بالاتر از حدود بهینه برای کاهش اثرات سوء شوری استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The interaction of salinity stress and ammonium sulfate on growth and nutrients ‎concentration in Valencia orange plants grafted on lemon‎

نویسنده [English]

  • Majid Rajaei
Associate Professor, Soil and Water Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and ‎Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Under salinity stress nitrogen and other plant nutrients uptake is reduced. In order to study the effect of nitrogen on growth and nutrient concentrations of Valencia orange grafted on lemon seedlings, a factorial experiment was carried out. The first factor was irrigation water salinity at four levels (0.86, 2, 4 and 6 dS m-1) and the second factor was nitrogen at five levels (50, 80, 120, 160 and 200 mg N kg-1 soil as ammonium sulfate). Salinity increased sodium and chloride ions concentration in plant leaf and roots to toxic levels and reduced the plant leaf and root dry weight. The highest level of salinity increased the sodium content in leaves and roots and also chlorine in leaves by 9, 5 and 20 times compared to salinity of 0.86, respectively. Although nitrogen had no significant effect on sodium concentration in plant leaves, at salinity levels of 2, 4 and 6 dS m-1, increasing the application of nitrogen from 50 to 200 mg kg-1 soil reduced 19, 16 and 18% of leaf chlorine and increased the corresponding dry weight of leaves by 117, 39 and 42%, respectively. Salinity decreased nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micro nutrients concentration in plant leaf and in some cases reached them to sub optimal levels. In contrast, nitrogen alleviated this adverse effect by increasing the concentration of these elements in plant tissues. Based on the results, by taking into account of environmental considerations, nitrogen levels above the optimum limits can be used to reduce the adverse effects of salinity in saline conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • dry weight
  • elements concentration
  • nitrogen

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 2
شهریور 1401
صفحه 321-331

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 18 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 22 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 شهریور 1399

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