اثر موقعیت میوه در تاج درخت و محلول‌پاشی پتاسیم و کلسیم بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی‌شیمیایی پرتقال ‏تامسون‏ناول

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، پژوهشکده مرکبات و میوه‌های نیمه‌گرمسیری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ‏ترویج کشاورزی، رامسر، ایران

2 دانشیار، پژوهشکده مرکبات و میوه‌های نیمه‌گرمسیری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج ‏کشاورزی، رامسر، ایران

چکیده

به منظور مطالعه اثر محلول‌پاشی پتاسیم و کلسیم و نیز موقعیت میوه در تاج درخت بر ویژگی­های فیزیکی‌شیمیایی پرتقال تامسون ناول (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) آزمایشی دو ساله به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با دو فاکتور شامل نوع کود محلول‌پاشی شده در چهار سطح (1- نیترات پتاسیم، 2- نیترات کلسیم، 3- ترکیبی با نیترات پتاسیم و نیترات کلسیم و 4– شاهد) و موقعیت میوه بر تاج درخت در دو سطح (1- درون، 2- بیرون)، با سه تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد ضخامت پوست میوه، شاخص رنگ و نسبت مواد جامد محلول به اسیدیته کل در میوه‌های برداشت شده از بیرون تاج در مقایسه با درون تاج بیش‏تر بود (05/0>P). علاوه براین، ضخامت پوست میوه با انجام محلول‌پاشی افزایش یافت و بیش‏ترین افزایش نیز در تیمارهای پتاسیم و ترکیب  پتاسیم و کلسیم یافت شد. با انجام محلول‌پاشی کلسیم (تیمارهای کلسیم و ترکیب  پتاسیم و کلسیم) مواد جامد محلول و اسیدیته کل در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد و تیمار محلول‌پاشی پتاسیم به طور معنی­داری کاهش یافت، اما نسبت بین این دو شاخص افزایش یافت. نتایج نشان داد اثر محلول‌پاشی بر فنل‏کل و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدان به موقعیت میوه در تاج درخت بستگی دارد. به طور کلی محلول‌پاشی پتاسیم و کلسیم باعث بهبود کیفیت میوه پرتقال می شود. علاوه‏براین، میوه‏ها در موقعیت‏های مختلف تاج از نظر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی‌شیمیایی متفاوت هستند و بهتر است به طور جداگانه برداشت شوند تا کیفیت یکنواختی داشته و حداکثر بازگشت اقتصادی حاصل گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of fruit position in the canopy and potassium and calcium foliar ‎application on physico-chemical characteristics of ‘Thomson Navel’ sweet orange

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tahereh Raiesi 1
  • Javad Fatahii Moghadam 2
1 Assistant Professor, Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Center, Horticultural Science Research ‎Institute, Agricultural Research and Education Organization (AREO), Ramsar, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural ‎Research and Education Organization (AREO), Ramsar, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study effect of foliar application of calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) and fruit position in the canopy on physicochemical characteristics of ‘Thomson Navel’ orange trees (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck, a two-year factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design carried out with two factors including the type of foliar spray in four levels (Ca(NO3)2, KNO3, Ca(NO3)2+KNO3, and Control) and fruit position in the tree canopy in two levels (inside or outside) with three replications. The results showed that peel thickness, citrus color index (CCI), and a ratio of total soluble solid to titratable acid (TSS/TA) were higher in the fruits harvested from the outer canopy compared to the canopy inside (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that the peel thickness of the fruit increased with foliar application and the highest increase was found in the foliar spray of K and K+Ca. With Ca foliar application (Ca and K+Ca), TSS and TA significantly decreased compared to the control and potassium foliar application alone, but the ratio between the two indices increased. The results showed that the effect of foliar application on total phenol and antioxidant capacity depends on the position of the fruit on the tree canopy. In conclusion, foliar application of K and Ca cause improve the fruit quality of the ‘Thomson Navel’ sweet orange. Besides, fruit at different canopy positions vary in their physicochemical characteristics and should be harvested separately to have uniform quality and get the maximum economic return.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acidity
  • antioxidant capacity
  • peel thickness
  • phenol
  • TSS

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 2
شهریور 1401
صفحه 479-491

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 آذر 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 آذر 1400

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