تاثیر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی بر صفات بیوشیمیایی، عناصر غذایی و عملکردی میوه فیسالیس ‏‏(‏Physalis peruviana L.‎‏)‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

چکیده

 به منظور مطالعه اثر کودهای مختلف شیمیایی و آلی بر ویژگی­های مورفولوژیکی فیسالیس، آزمایشی به­‌صورت کرت های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در گلخانه انجام شد. کرت اصلی شامل کودهای آلی در چهار سطح (شاهد، کود دامی، ورمی کمپوست و ترکیب کود دامی و ورمی کمپوست) و کرت فرعی شامل کودهای مختلف در شش سطح (شاهد، کود شیمیایی NPK،کلات پتاس 28درصد، نانو کلات آهن 15درصد، سوپرهیومیک و نانو کود بیولوژیک بیومیک) بود. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین عملکرد میوه در بوته (29/2 کیلوگرم در هر بوته)، ویتامین ث(53/8 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر)، فنل (90/39 میلی گرم گالیک اسید در وزن خشک)و فلاونوئید کل (89/6 میلی گرم  کوئرستین در وزن خشک)، خواص آنتی اکسیدانی و مواد جامد محلول (5/16 درجه بریکس) در میوه در تیمار بستر کشت کود دامی + ورمی کمپوست و با کاربرد کود نانو بیولوژیک بیومیک حاصل شد.بیشترین و کمترین غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم اندام هوایی به ترتیب در تیمار بستر کشت ورمی کمپوست+ کود دامی و همراه با نانو کود، کود نانو بیولوژیک بیومیک و تیمار شاهد مشاهده گردید. با توجه به تاثیر مطلوب ورمی کمپوست در بستر کاشت و کودهای بیولوژیک در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد و تیمار کود شیمیایی، می­توان آنها را در برنامه­های کشت و تغذیه­ فیسالیس در نظر گرفت تا علاوه بر حفظ و بهبود صفات مربوط به رشد و عملکرد، محصولی سالم و بدون باقیمانده کودهای شیمیایی را عرضه نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on biochemical traits, nutritional ‎elements and yield of Physalis fruit (Physalis peruviana L.)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Goudarzi 1
  • Abdollah Ehteshamnia 2
  • Hasan Mumivand 2
  • Mohammadreza Raji 3
1 M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of different chemical and organic fertilizers on the morphological characteristics of physalis an experiment as split plot based on randomized compelet blok design was done in the greenhouse. The main plot includes organic fertilizer at four levels (control, farmyard manure, vermicompost and the combination of farmyard manure and vermicompost) and sub plot included different chemical fertilizers at six levels (control, NPK chemical fertilizer, potash chelate 28%, iron nano chelate 15%, superahyomic and biomass biofertilizer). The results showed that in the culture medium of farmyard manure + vermicompost and with the application of nano-biological biofertilizer, the highest fruit yield per plant (2.29 kg/plant), vitamin C (8.53 mg/g fresh weight), phenol (39.90 mg GA/DW) and total flavonoids (6.89 mg QA/DW), antioxidant properties and soluble solids (16.5 Brix) are obtained in the fruit. The highest and lowest concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of shoots were observed in the treatment of vermicompost + farmyard manure, respectively, along with nano-fertilizer, biofertilizer and control treatments. Considering the favorable effect of vermicompost in the culture medium and biological fertilizers in comparison with the control treatment and chemical fertilizer treatment, it can be considered in the cultivation and feeding programs of physalis in addition to maintaining and improving traits related to growth and yield a healthy product can be offered without chemical fertilizer residues.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant properties
  • biofertilizer
  • fruit yield
  • total phenol

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 795-806

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 مرداد 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 آبان 1400

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