اثر غنی سازی کمپوست ضایعات کشاورزی با عنصر روی، بر عملکرد و برخی صفات کیفی کاهو در ‏کشت گلخانه‌ای ( ‏Lactuca sativa L.‎‏)‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی و زراعی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، ‏دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی و زراعی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ‏تهران، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از ضایعات آلی کشاورزی در راستای تولید ورمی‌کمپوست و کمپوست روشی پایدار برای بهره­گیری مجدد از این ضایعات است. به­منظور بررسی اثر انواع مختلف ورمی‌کمپوست و کمپوست غنی شده با روی بر عملکرد، کیفیت و محتوای عناصر غذایی کاهو آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی انجام گرفت. عامل اول بقایای مواد آلی در سه سطح (ورمی‌کمپوست ضایعات هویج و چغندرقند و کمپوست خرما)، عامل دوم غنی‌سازی با روی در سه سطح (صفر، 1000 و 2000 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم) و عامل سوم اختلاط با خاک ضعیف در چهار سطح (صفر، 2، 4 و 6 درصد به صورت وزنی) بودند. نتایج نشان داد اثر غنی‌سازی بقایای مواد آلی بر رشد و عملکرد کاهو مثبت بود و گیاهان رشد یافته در ورمی‌کمپوست حاصل از ضایعات هویج نتایج بهتری نسبت به ضایعات چغندر و کمپوست خرما داشتند. ضایعات هویج بیشترین میزان عناصر کم مصرف (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) را در بین سه ضایعات استفاده شده داشتند و بالاترین غلظت این عناصر در حالت غنی‌سازی این ضایعات با روی در غلظت 2000 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم مشاهده شد. بیشترین میزان فسفر (82/0 درصد) و سطح برگ (157 سانتی­متر مربع) در ضایعات هویج غنی­شده با روی 2000 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم بدست آمد. بین مقادیر مختلف بقایای آلی نیز، مقادیر 4 و 6 درصد بیشترین تأثیر را در رشد و عملکرد کاهو داشتند. به طور کلی غنی‌سازی بقایای مواد آلی با عناصر معدنی می­تواند نیاز غذایی کاهو را در شرایط گلخانه­ای تامین کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of zinc enrichment of agricultural waste compost on yield and some ‎qualitative characteristics of lettuce in greenhouse cultivation (Lactuca sativa L.‎‏ (‏

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somaieh Afsari Yeganeh 1
  • Ahmad Golchin 2
  • Mojtaba Delshad 3
  • Vahid Abdossi 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Science and ‎Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Food Industries, ‎Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Using organic agricultural wastes to produce vermicompost and compost is a sustainable way in order to reuse these wastes. In order to investigate the effects of different zinc-enriched vermicompost and compost on yield, quality, and nutrient content of lettuce, an experiment as factorial based on completely randomized design was carried out. The first factor was organic residues at three levels (carrot, sugar beet and date wastes), the second factor was zinc enrichment at three levels (zero, 1000, and 2000 mg / kg), and the third factor was mixing with weak soil at four levels of (zero, 2 , 4 and 6% by weight). Results showed that effect of organic residues enrichment on the growth and yield of lettuce plants was the positive and plants grown in vermicompost produced from carrot waste, had better results than those, which grown in vermicompost produced from beet or date waste. Carrot wastes had the highest amount of microelements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) among the three wastes used, and enriched with 2000 mg/kg zinc had the highest amount of these microelements. The highest amount of phosphorus (0.82%) and leaf area (157 cm2) were obtained in carrot wastes enriched with 2000 mg / kg. Among different levels of organic residues, 4 and 6% had the greatest effect on lettuce growth and yield. Overall, enrichment of organic residues with minerals can meet the nutritional needs of lettuce grown under greenhouse conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lettuce
  • nutrient content
  • vermicompost‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 707-720

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 آبان 1400

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