مطالعه عوامل موثر در ریزازدیادی پایه نیمه پاکوتاه گیلاس ‏MA60 ×MA

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان ‏تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد،‎ ‎‏ گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد شیروان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیروان، ایران

3 استادیار،‎ ‎‏ گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد شیروان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیروان، ایران

4 استادیار، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه ولایت ایرانشهر، ایرانشهر، ایران

چکیده

MA×MA60، پایه نیمه‌پاکوتاه گیلاس بوده که از طریق ریزازدیادی به راحتی تکثیر گردیده و به دلیل مقاومت به فیتوفیترا که از مهم‌ترین عوامل زوال درختان میوه هسته‌دار محسوب می شود، پایه با ارزشی است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر نوع محیط کشت و تنظیم کننده‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌های رشد بر پرآوری و ریشه‌زایی پایه MA60×MA در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی انجام گرفت. آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً صادفی با 4 تکرار اجرا شد. در مرحله پرآوری، تیمار‌ها شامل سه محیط کشت (MS، WPM و DKW) و دو تنظیم‌کننده رشد (بنزیل آمینو پورین و تیدیازوران) در غلظت‌های صفر، 1 و 2 میلی گرم بر لیتر و در مرحله ریشه‌زایی، تیمارها شامل سه محیط کشت (MS، WPM و DKW) و غلظت‌های مختلف ایندول بوتریک اسید (صفر، 1، 2 و 3 میلی گرم بر لیتر) بودند. نتایج نشان داد در مرحله پرآوری، بیشترین تعداد شاخه (33/6)، برگ (33/20) و کیفیت نمونه (00/3) در محیط کشت MS حاوی 2 میلی گرم بر لیتر بنزیل آمینو پورین و طول شاخه (3/2 سانتی متر) در محیط کشت MS حاوی 1 میلی گرم بر لیتر تیدیازوران بود. بیش ترین درصد ریشه‌زایی (75 در‌‌صد) و تعداد ریشه (33/5) به ترتیب در محیط کشت MS حاوی 3 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر ایندول بوتریک اسید و محیط کشت DKW حاوی 2 میلی گرم بر لیتر ایندول بوتریک اسید بدست آمد. گیاهچه‌ها در شرایط گلخانه با موفقیت سازگار شدند. درصد بقا در محیط کشت حاوی کوکوپیت و پرلیت حدودا 75 درصد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of factors affecting on the micropropagation of the MA×MA60 sweet cherry ‎semi-dwarf rootstock ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ebrahim Ganji Moghadam 1
  • Tayebe Amuzegar 2
  • Ahmad Asgharzadeh 3
  • Mahboubeh Zamanipour 4
1 Associate Professor, Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources ‎Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran
2 M. Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Shirvan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, ‎Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Shirvan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Technical and Engineering Faculty, Velayat University, Iranshahr, Iran
چکیده [English]

MA×MA60 is a sweet cherry semi dwarf rootstock that is easily reproduced through micropropagation and because of the resistance to phytophytora, which is one of the most important factors in the deterioration of stone fruit trees, it is a valuable rootstock. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of culture media and plant growth regulators on the proliferation and rooting of MA×MA60 rootstock at the Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. This experiment was conducted as a factorial in a completely randomized design with 4 replications. At the proliferation stage, the treatments consisted of three culture media (MS, WPM and DKW) and two growth regulators (benzyl amino purine and thiadiazuron) at concentrations of 0, 1 and 2 mgL-1 and at the rooting stage, treatments consisted of three culture media (MS, WPM and DKW) and different concentrations of indole-butyric acid (0, 1, 2 and 3 mgL-1). The results showed that in the proliferation stage, the highest number of shoots (33.6), leaves (20.33) and plantlet quality (3) were recorded in MS medium enriched with 2 mgL-1 of benzyl amino purine, and the shoot length (3.2 cm) in the MS medium enriched with 1 mgL-1 thiadiazuron. The highest rooting percentage (75%) and root number (5.33) were obtained in MS medium enriched with 3 mgL-1 indole buteric acid and DKW enriched with 2 mgL-1 indole buteric acid, respectively. Plantlets successfully adapted to the greenhouse conditions. Survival rate was about 75% in cocopeat and perlite culture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Plant growth regulators
  • proliferation
  • rooting
  • sweet cherry
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