ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی اکوتیپ‌های مختلف شوید براساس صفات مورفولوژیکی و درصد اسانس اندام ‏هوایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، پارس‌آباد، ایران

چکیده

شوید (Anethum graveolens L.) یکی از سبزی‌های مهم با خواص دارویی بی­نظیری ازجمله ضدنفخ، مقوی معده و رفع دل­درد می‌باشد. شناسایی اکوتیپ­های بومی شوید یکی از مهم­ترین اقدامات در زمینه بهبود کشت‌وکار و به­نژادی این محصول محسوب می‌گردد. به­منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی براساس صفات مورفولوژیکی بذرهای30 اکوتیپ شوید جمع­آوری شد و آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام گردید.  براساس نتایج تجزیه واریانس اکوتیپ­های مورد بررسی در اغلب صفات با یکدیگر تفاوت معنی­داری داشتند. مطابق نتایج مقایسه میانگین بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (02/80 سانتیمتر)، طول ساقه (55/69 سانتیمتر)، قطرساقه (95/2 میلیمتر)، وزن­تر اندام­هوایی (36/6 گرم) و وزن­خشک اندام­هوایی (78/1 گرم) مربوط به اکوتیپ ارومیه بود. نتایج همبستگی نشان داد بین اکثر صفات مورد مطالعه همبستگی معنی­داری وجود داشت. براساس تجزیه به عامل‌ها عامل اول 95/33 درصد از واریانس را توجیه کرد که اکثرا صفات رویشی در آن قرار داشتند. براساس تجزیه خوشه‌ای30 اکوتیپ در چهارگروه مختلف قرارگرفتند و تفاوت‌های چشمگیری به‌ویژه برای میزان عملکرد اندام­هوایی در بین گروه­ها وجود داشت. مطابق نتایج رگرسیون مرحله‌ای صفات فاصله میانگره و طول برگ وارد مدل شدند. به­طورکلی نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد اکوتیپ‌های شوید جمع‌آوری شده از نواحی مختلف ایران از نظر صفات مورد مطالعه دارای تنوع بالایی هستند و می‌توان اکوتیپ‌های با ارزشی در بین آن­ها پیدا نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of genetic diversity of Anethum graveolens L. different ecotypes based ‎on morphological traits and essential oil percentage of shoot

نویسندگان [English]

  • Afsaneh Gholizadeh 1
  • Mehdi Mohebodini 2
  • Asghar Ebadi 3
  • Esmaeil Chamani 2
1 M. Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of ‎Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, ‎Ardabil, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Moghan, University of ‎Mohaghegh Ardabili, Parsabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) is one of the most important vegetables that has valuable medicinal properties, including anti-flatulence, stomach acid, and difficulty removing. Identification of dill native ecotypes is considered as one of the most important steps in the field of cultivation improvement and breed of this product. In order to evaluate the genetic diversity in different ecotypes of dill based on morphological traits, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Based on the results of analysis of variance, the studied ecotypes were significantly different in most traits. According to the comparison of mean results, the average maximum plant height (80.02 cm), stem length (69.55 cm), stem diameter (2.95 mm), shoot fresh weight (6.36 g) and shoot dry weight (1.78 g) was belonged to Urmia ecotype. The correlation results showed that there was a significant correlation between most of the studied traits. Based on factor analysis, the first factor explained 33.95% of the variance in which most of the vegetative traits included. Based on cluster analysis, 30 ecotypes were divided into four different groups and there were significant differences, especially for the shoot yield between the groups. According to the results of stepwise regression, internode spacing and leaf length were entered into the model. In general, the results of this study showed that dill ecotypes collected from different parts of Iran have a high diversity in most of the studied traits and valuable ecotypes can be found among them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Causality analysis
  • cluster analysis
  • dill grmplasm‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 3
آذر 1400
صفحه 581-592

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 دی 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 بهمن 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 دی 1399

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