کاربست معیارهای منظر درمانگرا و باغ‌های شفابخش در طراحی فضای سبز بیمارستان‌ها ‏(نمونه موردی: مرکز طبی کودکان تهران)‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران،‎ ‎کرج، ایران

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران،‎ ‎کرج، ایران

چکیده

طراحی محوطه و فضاهای سبز بیمارستان ها نقش بسیار مهمی در رضایت مندی و فرآیند بهبودی بیماران دارند. این پژوهش با هدف بدست آوردن معیارهایی جهت طراحی منظر درمانگر در بیمارستان‌های کشور با استفاده از روش توصیفی-تحلیلی انجام شد. مورد مطالعه، بیمارستان فوق تخصصی مرکز طبی کودکان تهران انتخاب شد. پس از شناخت وضع موجود محوطه و فضای سبز آن، از همراهان بیماران و کارکنان بخش‌های درمانی با پرسشنامه و مصاحبه اطلاعات لازم تهیه گردید. داده‌ها به روش تحلیل کیفی وگرافیکی مورد تجزیه ‌و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد اقبال عمومی نسبت به طراحی منظر درمانگرا زیاد است. همچنین در خصوص مرکز طبی کودکان نیز اکثریت پرسش‌شوندگان از وضع موجود محوطه ناراضی بودند و گسترش فضای سبز را بسیار مفید می‌دانستند. آنها همچنین معتقد بودند که طراحی مناسب محوطه بیمارستان‌ها و ایجاد یک باغ شفابخش و یا یک منظر درمانگرا، قادر به تحریک حواس پنجگانه و تأثیرات سودمند در جهت ارتقا سلامت، بهبودی و تسهیل مواجهه با مسائل روانی و فیزیکی بیماران است. در انتها نیز راهکارهائی برای ایجاد و توسعه فضای سبز با معیارهای منظر درمانگر و مناسب سازی محوطه مرکز طبی کودکان ارائه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of therapeutic landscape criteria and healing gardens in the design of ‎hospital’s green space (Case study: Tehran Children's Medical Center)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behrooz Janipour 1
  • Aysan Haghighi Khoshkhoo 2
  • Mohammad Reza Taheri 1
1 Assistant Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran. Karaj, Iran
2 M.S. Graduate, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran. Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The design of hospital premises and green spaces play a very important role in patients satisfaction and recovery process. The aim of this study was to obtain criteria for designing therapist landscape in the country's hospitals using descriptive-analytical method. The case was selected as the subspecialty hospital of Tehran Children's Medical Center. After recognizing the current condition of the grounds and its green space, the necessary information was prepared from the patients and staff of the medical wards with a questionnaire and interview. Data were analyzed by qualitative and graphical analysis. The results showed that the general popularity of therapeutic landscape design is high. Moreover, regarding the Children's Medical Center, the majority of the respondents were dissatisfied with the current situation of the grounds and considered the expansion of green space very useful. They also believed that the proper design of hospital grounds and the creation of a healing garden or a therapeutic landscape could stimulate the five senses and have beneficial effects on promoting health, recovery, and facilitating the treatment of patients' mental and physical problems. In the end, solutions for creating and developing green space with the criteria of the therapist's perspective and landscaping were presented to the Pediatric Medical Center.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Healing garden
  • hospital landscape
  • landscape therapy
  1. Criteria and design criteria for medical centers and hospitals. (2012). Instructions related to medical and hospital spaces. No. AR-0201. (In Farsi).
  2. Lang, J. (2007). Eini far, A (Ed). Creating Architectural Theory: The role of the behavioral sciences in environmental design, Publisher: University of Tehran, Iran. (In Farsi)
  3. Francis, C., & Cooper Marcus, C. (1991). Places People Take Their Problems. Paper presented at Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference of the Environmental Design Research Association, Oklahoma City, Environmental Design Research Association
  4. Geraeili, H. & Farshidfar, R. (2015). Design of a children's cancer hospital. The First Annual Conference of Architecture, Urban Planning & Urban Management, Yazd, Iran. (In Farsi).
  5. Ghorbani, M. & Enayati, B. (2015). Investigating the effect of green space design in children with cancer with an approach to reducing anxiety in them. In proceeding of The International Conference on Human, Architecture, Civil Engineering and City, 14 Jun, Tabriz, Iran. (In Farsi).
  6. Hakim Javadi, B. (2007). Landscape designing of hospitals with healing landscape approach Case study: Imam Khomeiny Hospital. M.Sc. Thesis. Faculty of Environment University of Tehran, Iran (In Farsi).
  7. Irannejad Parizi, M. & Tajmilian, M. (2011). Parks and urban green space, University of Yazd (In Farsi).
  8. Laws, J. (2009). Reworking therapeutic landscapes. The spatiality of an alternative self-help gurop. Journal of Social Science & Medicine, (69), 1827-1833.
  9. Mardomi, K., Mirhashemi, S. & Hassanpour, K. (2015). Persian garden as healing garden :An qpproach with islamic influences. Journal of Reasearch in Islamic Architecture, 2(4), 49-63. (In Farsi).
  10. Mohsen Daraei, N., Vaziri Farahani, R. & Khakzad, M. (2012). A new approach in hospital design, the study of the effect of using green space in hospitals on patient recovery. The First National conference on New Ideas and Technologies in Architecture, 11 Mar.,Tabriz , Iran (In Farsi).
  11. Qualitiy Control (2007). Green hospital. No (14), P21. (In Farsi).
  12. Nikbakht, A,. (2004). Medicine in modern landscaping: Healing gardens. Bagh-e Nazar, 1(2), 79-82 (In Farsi).
  13. Nili, R., Nili, R., & Soltanzadeh, H. (2013). Studying the application of healing landscapes in persian gardens. The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar, 9(23), 65-74. (In Farsi).
  14. Ogren, T. (2021). Ogren Plant Allergy Scale. OPALS. http://allergycomnet.ir/6030/
  15. Parsons, R. (1991). The potential influences of environmental perception on human health. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 11, 1-23.
  16. Saeidian, N., Memarzia, K., Zakeri, S. & Habibi, A. (2015). Comparative study of Persian garden landscape pattern versus four kinds of therapeutic gardens. Journal of Urban Landscape Research, 2(4), 81-91. (In Farsi).
  17. Velarde, M. Fry, G. & Tveit, M. (2007). Health effects of viewing landscapes. Landscape types in environmental psychology. Journal of Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 6 (4), 199-212.
  18. Williams, A. (1999). Therapeutic landscapes: The dynamic between place and wellness, Lanham, MD , University Press of America.