ارزیابی مقدماتی سازگاری، رشد و عملکرد پیوندک خربزه خاتونی روی پایه‌های مختلف کدو در ‏شرایط مزرعه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی سازگاری پیوندک خربزه خاتونی روی پایه­های کدو، آزمایشی بصورت طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1396 در ایستگاه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی دانشگاه تهران انجام شد. هفت رقم پایه مختلف کدو، Rout Power, ES 900, RZ 12, Nongwoo 01, RZ 6, Shintozwa, PS580 همراه با گیاه شاهد (خربزه خاتونی) و پیوندک خربزه خاتونی، در این پژوهش به‌کار گرفته شدند. میزان سازگاری این پایه­ها براساس الگوی رشد، عملکرد و کیفیت میوه خربزه خاتونی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. مطابق با نتایج، عملکرد میوه بطور معنی­داری تحت تاثیر پایه و سازگاری پیوند قرار گرفت. بیشترین عملکرد وزن میوه به ترتیب متعلق به پایه­های ES و RZ6 بود. بیشترین تعداد میوه در بوته در پایه­های Rout Power و  Shintozwa  و بیشترین میزان مواد جامد محلول در پایه­ Shintozwa گزارش شد. میزان هدایت الکتریکی شیره خام گیاهان پیوندی نسبت به گیاهان غیرپیوندی بیشتر بود. بیشترین میزان شیره خام در روز از پایه­ی01  Nongwoo جمع‌آوری شد. بیشترین درصد ماده خشک ریشه متعلق به پایه سازگار Nongwoo 01  بود که نسبت به سایر پایه­ها و شاهد تفاوت معنی­دار نشان داد. اولین علامت ناسازگاری مورفولوژیکی، با افزایش تفاضل قطر محل پیوند با قطر پایه و پیوندک بود. این تفاضل قطر در پایه ناسازگار PS 580 در مقایسه با گیاه سازگار Nongwoo 01 به طور معنی­داری بیشتر بود. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش حاضر، پایه­های Shintozwa و Rout Power را می­توان بعنوان پایه­های مناسب و سازگار برای پیوند خربزه خاتونی معرفی نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Preliminary evaluation of compatibility, growth and yield of Khatooni melon’s scion ‎on different cucurbit rootstocks in the field condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maedeh Fereshtian 1
  • Reza Salehi 2
  • Abdolkarim Kashi 3
  • Mesbah Babalar 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the compatibility of the melon (khatooni) scions on different cucurbit rootstocks, a field experiment was conducted based on a complete blocks design with three replications in Horticultural Science Research Station of University of Tehran during 2017. Seven different rootstocks named as Rout Power, ES 900, RZ12, Nongwoo 01, RZ6, PS580, Shintozwa and additionally control rootstock (Khatooni) and Khatooni as scion were used in the current research. Compatibility these rootstocks evaluated based on plant growth pattern, performance and fruit quality of Khatooni melon. The highest fruit yield obtained on RZ6 and ES rootstocks, respectively. Large number of fruit per plant was observed on Shintozwa and Rout Power rootstocks, respectively and the highest total soluble solids was found on Shintozwa rootstock. Electrical conductivity of raw sap was higher in the grafted plants compared to non-grafted plants. Maximum amount of raw sap per day was collected from Nongwoo 01 rootstock. Maximum percentage of root dry weight was found on the Nongwoo 01 as compatible rootstock which was significantly higher than other grafted rootstocks and control. The first morphological signs of incompatibility were detected by increasing the diameter difference between grafting union and rootstock or scion. This diameter difference was significantly higher for PS580 as incompatible rootstock compared to Nongwoo 01 as compatible rootstock. Based on the results, Shintozwa and Rout Power rootstocks could be recommended as appropriate and compatible rootstocks for the khatooni melon. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Compatibility
  • grafted union diameter
  • Khatooni melon
  • rootstock
  • scion
  • yield

مراجع

  1. Akbari, A. (2001). The effect of rootstock fig leaf gourd on some quantities and qualitative characters of greenhouse cucumber. In: Proceeding of 1th International Congress on Hydroponic Product of University of Tehran, 10-14 Oct., University of Tehran, Iran, pp.800-808.(In Farsi)
  2. An, E., Park, S. W. & Kwack, Y. (2020). Growth of cucumber scions, rootstocks, and grafted seedlings as affected by different irrigation regimes during cultivation of ‘Joenbaekdadagi’ and ‘Heukjong’ seedlings in a plant factory with artificial lighting. Agronomy, 10, 1943-1955.
  3. Andrews, P. K. & Marquez, C. S. (1993). Graft incompatibility. Horticultual Reviews, 15, 183-218.
  4. Aloni, L. B., Karni, L., Deventurero, G., Levinzi, Z. & Kapulnik, A. (2008). Histological and biochemical changes at the rootstock-scion interface in graft combinations between cucurbita rootstocks and a melon scion. Jornal of Horticulture Science & Biology, 83, 777-783.
  5. Aloni, B., Karni, L., Deventurero, G., Levin, Z., Cohen, R., Katzir, N., Lotan-Pompan, M., Edelstein, M., Aktas, H., Turhan, E., Joel, D. M., Horev, C. & Kapulnik, Y. (2008). Possible mechanisms for graft incompatibility between melon scions and pumpkin rootstocks. Acta Horticulture, 99, 782- 788.
  6. Bautista, A. S., Calatayud, A. O., Nebauer, S. G., Pascual, B., Maroto, J. V. & Lopez, S. (2011). Effect of simple and double grafting melon plants on mineral absorption, photosynthesis, biomass and yield. Scientia Horticulture, 130, 575-580.
  7. Bhatt, R. M., Rao, N. & Harish, D. (2013). Significance of grafting in improving tolerance to abiotic stresses in vegetable crops under climate change scenario. Climate-Resilient Horticulture, 74, 159-175.
  8. Chouka, A. S. & Jebari, H. (1999). Effect of grafting on watermelon vegetative and root development, production and fruit quality. Acta Horticulture, 492, 85-93.
  9. Cohen, R., Horev, C., Burger, Y., Shriber, S., Hershenhorn, J., Katan, J. & Edelstein, M. (2002). Horticultural and pathological aspects of Fusarium wilt management using grafted melons. HortScience, 37, 1069-1073.
  10. Edelstein, M., Cohen, R., Shreiber, S., Pivonia. & Shtienberg, D. (1999). Integrated management of sudden wilt in melons, caused by Monosporascus cannonballus, using grafting and reduced rates of methyl bromide. Plant Disease, 83, 1142-1145.
  11. Edelstein, M., Burger, Y., Horev, C., Porat, A., Meir, A. & Cohen, R. (2004). Assessing the effect of genetic and anatomic variation of cucurbita rootstocks on vigor, survival and yield of grafted melons. Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology, 79, 370-374.
  12. El-Semellawy, E. M. H. (2005). Effect of grafting on growth and yield of watermelon plants grown under low plastic tunnels in Baltiem district. Fac Agriculture, 32, 211-218.
  13. El-Sayed, S., Haassan, H. & Gaara, M. (2015). Effect of different rootstocks on plant growth, yield and quality of watermelon. Agriculture Science, 53, 165-175
  14. Engel, R., Jones, C. & Wallander, R. (2000). The role of mineral nutrition on root growth of crop plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 36, 1-14.
  15. Eslamboly, E. & Wahab, M. A. (2003). Grafting salinity tolerant rootstocks and magnetic iron treatments for cantaloupe production under conditions of high salinity soil and irrigation water. Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research, 3, 677-693.
  16. Fernandez-Garcia, N., V. Martinez, Cerda, A. & Carvajal, M. (2002). Water and nutrient uptake of grafted tomato plant grown under saline conditions. Journal of Plant Physiology, 159, 899-905.
  17. Hartmann, T. H., Kester, E. D., Davies, T. F. & Geneve, L. R. (1997). Plant propagation principles and practices. Prentice Hall, 544, 770-780.
  18. Hejaze, A., Shahroodi, M. & Forush, M. (2004). The methods index on plant analysis. Journal of Edition University of Tehran, 98, 20-27. (In Farsi).
  19. Kashi, A., Salehi, R. & Javanpoor, R. (2008). Grafting technology in vegetable crop production. Agricultural Promotion, Training and Research Organization. (In Farsi).
  20. Lee, J. M. & Oda, M. (2003). Grafting of herbaceous vegetable and ornamental crops. Horticultural Reviews, 28, 61-124.
  21. Lee, J. M. (1994). Cultivation of grafted vegetables. Current status, grafting methods and benefits. HortScience, 29, 235-239.
  22. Lee, J. M. (2010). Advances in vegetable grafting. Chronica Horticulturae, 43, 13-19.
  23. Mavrona, E, T., Koutsika, M. & Pritsa, T. (2000). Response of squash (Cucurbita) as rootstock for melon (Cucumis melo L.). Scientia Horticulture, 83, 353-362.
  24. Morra, L. (1998). Potential and limits of grafting in horticulture. Informance Agrario, 54, 39-42.
  25. Mostofi, Y. & Najafi, F. (2005). Experimental analytical methods in horticultural sciences. University of Tehran Publications, 55, 136- 142. (in Farsi).
  26. Morita, S., Okamoto, M., Abe, J. & Yamagishi, J. (2000). Bleeding rate of field-grown maize with reference to root system development. Japanese Journal of Crop Science. 69, 80-85.
  27. Nisini, P.T., Colla, G., Granati, E., Temprini, O., Crino, P. & Saccardo, F. (2002). Rootstock resistance to fusarium wilt and effect on fruit yield and quality of two muskmelon cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae, 93, 284-288.
  28. Oda, M. (2002). Grafting of vegetable crops scientific reports, agricultural and biological science. Osaka Prefecture University, 54, 49-72.
  29. Pina, A. & Errea, P. (2005). A review of new advances in mechanism of graft compatibility–incompatibility. Scientia Horticulturae, 106, 1-11.
  30. Rafezi, R. (2014). Melon seed and plant improvement. Research Institute Jahad Keshavarzi Research Journal. (In Farsi).
  31. Rouphael, Y., Cardarelli, M., Schwarz, D., Franken, Ph & Colla, G. (2012). Effects of drought on nutrient uptake and assimilation in vegetable crops. Journal of Plant Responses to Drought Stress, 10, 1007-978.
  32. Rivero R. M., Ruiz, J. M. & Romero, L. (2003). Role of grafting in horticultural plant under stress condition. Food, Agriculture and Envirement, 170, 4 -14.
  33. Salehi, R., Kashi, A., Lee, S. G., Huh, Y. C., Lee, J. M., Babalar, M. & Delshad, M. (2009). Assessing the survival and growth performance of Iranian melon to grafting onto cucurbita rootstocks. Korean Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 27, 1-6.
  34. Salehi, R., Kashi, A., Lee, J. M., Babalar, M., Delshad, M., Lee, S. G. & Huh, Y. C. (2010). Leaf gas exchanges and mineral ion concentration in xylem sap of Iranian melon affected by rootstocks and training methods. HortScience, 45, 766-770.
  35. Traka-MAvrona, E., Kotsikta-Sotiriou, M & Pritsa, T. (2000). Response of squash (Cucurbita) as rootstock for melon (Cucumis melo L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 83, 353-62.
علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 447-459

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 دی 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 شهریور 1399

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار