بررسی روند برخی تغییرات بیوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژیکی در برگ رقم‌های زیتون (‏Olea europaea ‎L.‎‏) طی دوره سازگاری و عدم سازگاری به سرما

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشکده‎ ‎کشاورزی،‎ ‎دانشگاه‎ ‎صنعتی‎ ‎اصفهان،‎ ‎اصفهان

2 دانشیار، دانشکده‎ ‎کشاورزی،‎ ‎دانشگاه‎ ‎صنعتی‎ ‎اصفهان،‎ ‎اصفهان

3 استاد، دانشکده‎ ‎کشاورزی،‎ ‎دانشگاه‎ ‎صنعتی‎ ‎اصفهان،‎ ‎اصفهان

چکیده

این پژوهش به منظور بررسی تغییرات در سطح کربوهیدرات­های محلول برگ، ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی، فنول کل، چگالی برگ، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، ماده خشک برگ و اسیدهای چرب در طی دوره سازگاری و عدم سازگاری به سرما و ارتباط آن با تحمل به یخ‌زدگی زیتون انجام شد. سه رقم زیتون آمفی­سیس، گرگان و مانزانیلا انتخاب و نمونه­های برگی از باغ زیتون در طی پاییز تا تابستان در شش زمان (آبان، آذر، دی، بهمن، فروردین و تیر ماه) تهیه شدند. به منظور تعیین تحمل به یخ‌زدگی نمونه­های برگی به مدت 12 ساعت در معرض انجماد مصنوعی (صفر تا 25- درجه سلسیوس) قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد بین رقم­های زیتون از نظر تحمل به یخ‌زدگی در هر مرحله از نمونه­برداری تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده شد. تحمل به یخ‌زدگی رقم­ها طی مرحله سازگاری به سرما افزایش و در مرحله خروج از سازگاری کاهش یافت. کربوهیدرات­های محلول، ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، محتوای فنول کل و درصد ماده خشک برگ، به ویژه از مرحله شروع سازگاری به سرما تا سازگاری کامل به سرما در دی ماه در رقم متحمل به یخ‌زدگی -آمفی­سیس- بیشتر از رقم­های گرگان و مانزانیلا بود. بیشترین نسبت اسید­های چرب غیر اشباع به اشباع در هر دو ماه دی و تیر در رقم آمفی­سیس مشاهده شد. بنابراین از ترکیباتی مانند کربوهیدرات­های محلول، محتوای فنول کل و اسید­های چرب، می‌توان به عنوان شاخص­های بیوشیمیایی تعیین کننده تحمل به یخ‌زدگی در غربالگری رقم­های زیتون استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of some biochemical and physiological changes in leaves of olive (Olea ‎europaea L.) cultivars during cold acclimation and de-acclimation stage ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Safoora Saadati 1
  • Bahram Bani Nasab 2
  • Mostafa Mobli 3
  • Mahdiyeh Gholami 2
1 Former Ph.D. Student,, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran‎
2 Associate Professor, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran‎
3 Professor, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran‎
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in the levels of soluble carbohydrate, antioxidant capacity, total phenolic acid and fatty acid composition of olive during cold acclimation and deacclimation related with freezing tolerance (FT). Three olive cultivars, Amphisis, Gorgan and Manzanilla were selected and leaf samples were prepared from field-grown trees from autumn to summer at six times (November, December, December, February, April and July). The FT was measured by exposure to artificial freezing (0ºC to –25ºC). Result showed that there was a significant difference between the olive cultivars in terms of FT at each stage of sampling. The FT of cultivars increased during the cold acclimation stage and declined in deacclimation stage. Soluble carbohydrates, antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, leaf dry matter, especially from the beginning of cold acclimation until full acclimation, in cold-tolerant –Amphisis– cultivar was more than the Gorgan and Manzanilla cultivars. The highest ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids in both January and July was observed in Amphisis cultivar. Therefore, compounds such as soluble carbohydrates, total phenolic content, and fatty acids can be used as biochemical indicator of FT in screening of olive cultivars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fatty acids
  • freezing tolerance
  • soluble carbohydrates
  • total phenolic content

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 381-390

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 بهمن 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 تیر 1399

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