تأثیر محلول‌پاشی اسید جیبرلیک و سولفات روی بر ترکیدگی میوه و خصوصیات کمی ‌و کیفی انار ‏رقم ملس ساوه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش، به منظور کاهش ترکیدگی و بهبود ویژگی­های کمی ‌و کیفی میوه انار رقم ملس ساوه، از تیمار اسیدجیبرلیک (صفر، 30 و 60 میلی­گرم در لیتر) و سولفات روی (صفر، 1500 و 3000 میلی­گرم در لیتر) به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار استفاده شد. محلول­پاشی اسیدجیبرلیک و سولفات روی در سه مرحله از رشد میوه در اواخر بهار و اواسط تابستان صورت گرفت. نمونه­های میوه و برگ در زمان رسیدگی کامل میوه­ها، جمع­آوری شدند و برخی از خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژی میوه و برگ مورد اندازه­گیری قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد محلول‌پاشی اسیدجیبرلیک به تنهایی یا در ترکیب با عنصر روی، درصد ترکیدگی میوه را به طور معنی­داری در مقایسه با شاهد کاهش داد. کم‌ترین میزان ترکیدگی میوه به­ترتیب مربوط به تیمارهای اسیدجیبرلیک با سطوح 60 و 30 میلی­گرم در لیتر و 3000 میلی­گرم در لیتر عنصر روی با میانگین 73/7 و 80/7 درصد به دست آمد و بیش­ترین میزان آن در نمونه­های شاهد با میانگین 30 درصد ثبت گردید. وزن، طول و قطر میوه، درصد رطوبت و ضخامت پوست میوه، مواد جامد محلول، غلظت عنصر روی و اسید آسکوربیک در تیمار 60 و 30 میلی­گرم در لیتر اسیدجیبرلیک و هم‌چنین 3000 میلی­گرم در لیتر سولفات روی به طور معنی­داری در مقایسه با نمونه­های شاهد افزایش یافت. نتایج کلی نشان داد محلول‌پاشی درختان انار با اسیدجیبرلیک و سولفات روی باعث بهبود برخی از شاخص­های مورفو-فیزیولوژی میوه می­گردد که در کنترل ترکیدگی و در نتیجه افزایش ویژگی­های کمی ‌و کیفی میوه انار مؤثر هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of gibberellic acid and zinc sulfate spraying on fruit cracking and quantitative ‎and qualitative characteristics of pomegranate cv. ‘Malase Saveh’‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kadijeh Karami 1
  • Javad Erfani-Moghadam 2
  • Masoud Bazgir 2
  • Orang Khademi 3
1 M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Ira
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the current study, for reducing of fruit cracking and improvement of quantity and quality of pomegranate fruit cv. ‘Malase Saveh’, gibberellic acid (0, 30 and 60 mg/l) and zinc sulfate (0, 1500 and 3000 mg/l) treatments were utilized as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Gibberellic acid and zinc sulfate was sprayed in three stages of fruit developmet in the late of spring and midsummer. The fruit and leaf samples were harvested randomly from various parts of the pomegranate trees at fruit ripening and some morpho-physiological characteristics of fruit and leaf were measured. The results showed that the spraying of gibberellic acid alone or in combination with zinc element significantly reduced the fruit cracking percentage compared to the control. The lowest level of fruit cracking was related to gibberellic acid treatments with levels of 60 and 30 mg/l and 3000 mg/l zinc element with mean values of 7.73 and 7.80%, respectively. The highest amount of fruit cracking was observed in control samples (30 %). The fruit weight, length and diameter, moisture percentage and thickness of fruit peel, TSS, zinc element and ascorbic acid concentrations significantly were increased with application of 60 and 30 mg/l gibberellic acid, and 3000 mg/l zinc sulfate compared with the control samples. In general, the results showed that spraying of pomegranate trees with gibberellic acid and zinc sulfate can improved some morpho-physiological characteristics of the fruit, which are effective in controlling of fruit cracking and increasing the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of pomegranate fruit.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ascorbic acid
  • fruit weight
  • pomegranate
  • zinc‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 317-328

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 دی 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 بهمن 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 خرداد 1399

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