اثر کم‌آبیاری بعد از شروع رنگ‌گیری بر عمکلرد، کیفیت حبه‌ها و کارایی مصرف آب انگور رقم های ‏کشمشی و صاحبی ‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، پردیس دانشگاهی دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران‏

2 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش، تاثیر تیمار کم­آبیاری پس از شروع رنگ­گیری بر عملکرد و کیفیت حبه­های انگور رقم های کشمشی و صاحبی به‌صورت آزمایش اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی ارزیابی شد. تیمارها شامل آبیاری 100 درصد نیاز تبخیر و تعرق گیاه (شاهد) و کم‌آبیاری در سه سطح 40، 60 و 80 درصد از شاهد پس از تغییر رنگ حبه­ها تا برداشت بودند. نتایج نشان داد بین تیمار شاهد و کم­آبیاری80 درصد تفاوت معنی­داری از نظر عملکرد، میانگین وزن حبه­ها و خوشه­ها مشاهده نشد، اما سطوح 40 و 60 درصد کم‌آبیاری به­ترتیب باعث افت 22 و 37 درصدی عملکرد حبه­ها نسبت به شاهد شد. تیمار 40 درصد کم‌آبیاری باعث افزایش قند در رقم کشمشی شد، اما در رقم صاحبی کم‌آبیاری باعث کاهش قند گردید. به­علاوه، کم‌آبیاری باعث کاهش نسبت قند به اسید گردید. بالاترین مقدار فنل ‌کل در رقم کشمشی در تیمار کم­آبیاری80 درصد و در رقم صاحبی در تیمار 40 درصد مشاهده شد. فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی رقم کشمشی و صاحبی به‌ترتیب 45 و 34 درصد نسبت به شاهد در تیمار 40 و 80 درصد افزایش یافت. تیمار کم‌آبیاری 80 درصد توانست باعث کاهش مصرف آب تا 20 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد شود، بدون آنکه کاهش معنی­دار در کارایی مصرف آب دیده شود. به‌طورکلی، کم­آبیاری 80 درصد برای حفظ عملکرد رقم های انگور کشمشی و صاحبی بدون تأثیر سوء بر کیفیت میوه توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of post-veraison deficit irrigation on berries yield, quality and water use ‎efficiency of grape cvs‏.‏‎ Keshmeshi and Sahebi ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marjan Ashori 1
  • Mahmood Ghasemnezhad 2
  • Mohammad Hassan Bigouei 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, University Campus, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the effect of different post-veraison deficit irrigation treatments on yield and berry quality of grape cvs. ‘Keshmeshi’ and ‘Sahebi was evaluated in a split plot experiment with a randomized complete block design. The treatments were control, irrigated at 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), and deficit irrigation at 80, 60 and 40% of control during post-veraison till harvesting. Results showed that no significant difference was found between control and 80 deficit irrigation for berry yield, mean berries and cluster weight, but deficit irrigation at 60 and 40 % decreased berry yield up to 22 and 37%,  respectively as compared to control. The deficit irrigation at 40% increased TSS in Keshmeshi, but in Sahebi cultivar, deficit irrigation resulted to decrease TSS. Furthermore, deficit irrigation also decreased TSS to TA ratio. The highest phenolic content, which found in Keshmeshi and Sahebi cultivars at 80% deficit irrigation was 60 and 40% more than control. The antioxidant activity of Keshmeshi and Sahebi cultivars was increased 45 and 34% as compared to control with 80 and 40% deficit irrigation. Deficit irrigation at 80% of control could save water up to 20%, without reducing water use efficiency. In general, 80% deficit irrigation might be sufficient to maintain yield potential of Keshmeshi and Sahebi cultivars, without significant loss in grape quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • phenol content
  • water use efficiency
  • yield

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 305-315

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 تیر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 مهر 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 مهر 1396

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