غربالگری برخی از رقم‌های پیاز خوراکی در برابر بیماری پوسیدگی فوزاریومی (‏Fusarium ‎oxyosporum f.sp cepae‏) و بررسی بیان رونوشت ژن‏‎‌‎های ‏‎ COI1‎و ‏ERF1‎‏ در رقم‌های حساس و ‏متحمل‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

3 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

4 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران ‏

چکیده

پیاز یک محصول مهم باغبانی است که هر ساله مقدار زیادی از آن در اثر بیماری پوسیدگی فوزاریومی از بین می‌رود. در این بررسی آزمون بیماری­زایی هشت جدایه فوزاریوم بر سوخ‌های پیاز رقم تگزاس­ارلی­گرانو در آزمایشگاه انجام شد که چهار جدایه HR1، HR97، HR42، HR21 بیشترین میزان بیماری­زایی را نشان­دادند. همچنین آزمون دامنه میزبانی چهار جدایه بیماری‌زا در گلخانه انجام شد که جدایه­های HR1، HR42،  HR21به جنس Allium محدود شدند. نواحی tef این جدایه‌ها توالی یابی و بر اساس مقایسه با توالی‌های بانک ژن صحت تشخیص Fusarium oxyosporum f.sp cepae تأیید شد. در گام بعدی آزمایش غربالگری برای برخی از رقم‌های مختلف پیاز ایرانی همراه با دو رقم خارجی تگزاس­ارلی گرانو و یلو سویت اسپانیش برای بیماری پوسیدگی فوزاریومی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد، رقم قرمز آذرشهر به این بیماری حساس و رقم سفید کاشان متحمل بود. میزان بیان رونوشت­هایCOI1 (Coronatine Insensitive1)  وERF1  (Ethylene Response Factor1) در رقم های حساس و مقاوم پس از تلقیح با جدایه قارچ فوزاریوم بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان دادند میزان بیان COI1 در رقم­های حساس و متحمل تفاوتی با یکدیگر نداشتند، اما بیان ERF1 در زمان 24 ساعت پس از تلقیح در رقم قرمز آذرشهر افزایش بیان را نشان داد، درحالی‌که در رقم سفید کاشان میزان بیان این رونوشت کاهش یافت. بر اساس نتایج، به نظر می­رسد ERF1 در مکانیسم مقاومت گیاهان پیاز آلوده به بیماری پوسیدگی فوزاریومی نقش کلیدی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Screening some common onion cultivars for resistance to fusarium basal rot ‎‎(Fusarium oxyosporum f. sp cepae) and assaying expression levels of the COI1 and ‎ERF1 genes in sensitive and tolerant cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bita Khansarinejad 1
  • Farshad Dashti 2
  • Doustmorad Zafari 3
  • Asghar Mirzaie Asl 4
1 Ph. D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Onion is a major horticultural crop, which is regularly affected by substantial yield loss due to fusarium basal rot. In this research, the pathogenicity tests of eight Fusarium isolates were performed on onion bulbs of the Early Grano cultivar in vitro. Four isolates, namely HR1, HR97, HR42, and HR21, showed the highest degree of pathogenicity. The host ranges of the four pathogenic isolates were determined in the greenhouse condition. The HR1, HR42, and HR21 were isolated from the genus Allium. The TEF regions were sequenced on these isolates and the diagnosis of Fusarium oxyosporum f. sp cepae was approved based on a comparison with the sequence data of the GenBank. The screening for fusarium basal rot was performed on some Iranian onion cultivars together with the two foreign cultivars, namely the Early Grano and Sweet Spanish. The results indicated that the Ghermeze-Azarshahr cultivar and Sefide-Kashan cultivar were, respectively, sensitive and tolerant to this disease. The expressions of the COI1 transcript (Coronatine-Insensitive 1) and the ERF1 transcript (Ethylene Response Factor 1) were measured in the sensitive and tolerant cultivars after inoculation with the Fusarium isolates. The results showed no difference in the COI1 expression between the sensitive and tolerant cultivars. The ERF1 expression was higher in the Ghermeze-Azarshahr cultivar 24 hours after inoculation; whereas, an ERF1 expression decline was observed in the Sefide-Kashan cultivar. According to the results, it seems that the ERF1 plays a key role in resistance mechanisms of onions infected with fusarium basal rot disease.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fusarium isolates
  • gene expression
  • genus Allium
  • host ranges
  • pathogenicity tests

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 1
خرداد 1400
صفحه 183-194

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 مرداد 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 دی 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 دی 1399

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