تأثیرکاربرد سیلیکات پتاسیم برکارایی مصرف آب، خصوصیات عملکردی و عملکرد اسانس گیاه ‏گل محمدی ‏‎(Rosa damascena Miller)‎‏ در شرایط تنش کمبود آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران ‏

2 دانشیار، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران ‏

3 استادیار، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران ‏

4 استادیار، بخش علوم باغی و زراعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی قم، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج ‏کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

گل محمدی گیاهی چندساله و مقاوم به خشکی می­باشد. به منظور بررسی تأثیر سیلیکات پتاسیم بر خصوصیات کمی و اسانس گل محمدی در شرایط تنش کمبود آب، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه مؤسسه زائر کریمه استان قم در سال 1397 انجام شد. کرت اصلی تنش کمبود آب در چهار سطح (100 (بدون تنش)،  75، 50 و 25 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه) و کرت فرعی محلول‌پاشی سیلیکات پتاسیم در هفت سطح (شاهد (عدم محلول‌پاشی)، محلول‌پاشی با غلظت 2/0 و 4/0 درصد در بهار و تابستان به تنهایی و به صورت توأم) بودند. نتایج نشان داد تنش کمبود آب درصد اسانس را افزایش داد. آبیاری معادل 25، 50 و 75 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه، کارایی مصرف آب را نسبت به تیمار شاهد به ترتیب 28/1، 90/1 و 03/3 برابر افزایش داد. محلول‌پاشی با غلظت­های متفاوت سیلیکات پتاسیم در شرایط مطلوب رطوبتی و در شرایط تنش، میزان سیلیس برگ را افزایش داد. بیشترین عملکرد اسانس از تیمار محلول‌پاشی 2/0 درصد سیلیکات پتاسیم در بهار توأم با تابستان در شرایط آبیاری 25 درصد و همچنین از تیمار محلول‌پاشی 4/0 درصد سیلیکات پتاسیم در بهار توأم با تابستان در شرایط آبیاری معادل 50 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه حاصل شد. نتایج نشان داد با محلول‌پاشی سیلیکات پتاسیم در شرایط تنش کمبود به میزان 50 و 25 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه می­توان کمیت و کیفیت گل محمدی را افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of potassium silicate on water use efficiency, quantitative traits and essential ‎oil yield of damask rose (Rosa damascena Miller) under water deficit stress ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Farahani 1
  • Nourali Sajedi 2
  • Hamid Madani 2
  • Mehdi Changizi 3
  • Mohammad Reza Naeini 4
1 Former Ph.D. Student, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture and Agronomy Sciences, Qom Agricultural and Natural ‎Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization ‎‎(AREEO), Tehran, Iran. ‎
چکیده [English]

Damask rose is a perennial and drought- resistant plant. In order to envestigate effect of potassium silicate on quantitative traits and essential oil of damask rose (Rosa damascena Miller) under water- deficit stress, an experiment was carried out as a split-plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Karimeh Zaer Farm, Qom province, Iran, in 2018. The main plot was water deficit stress at four levels (100 (without stress), 75, 50 and 25% of the plant water requirement) and the sub plot was spraying with potassium silicate at seven levels (without spraying, spraying with a concentration of 0.2 and 0.4% in the spring or summer alone or combination). The results showed that water deficit stress increased the essential oil percentage. Irrigation equivalent to 25, 50 and 75% the plant water requirement increased water use efficiency by 1.3, 1.9 and 3.3 times in comparison with the control, respectively. Foliar application with different rates of potassium silicate increased leaf silica rate under optimum and water deficit stress. The maximum of essential oil yield was recorded from foliar application of 0.2% of potassium silicate in the spraying along with summer under 25% f the plant water requirement and treatment of the foliar application of 0.4% of potassium silicate in the spraying along with summer under 50% the plant water requirement, respectively. Results showed that with foliar application of potassium silicate under water deficit stress equal to 50 and 25% the plant water requirement could increase quality and quantity damask rose.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Foliar application
  • morphology traits. silica content
  • yield of flower

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 1
خرداد 1400
صفحه 171-182

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 مهر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 آذر 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 دی 1398

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