اثر قارچ تریکودرما (‏Trichoderma harzianum‏) بر صفات فیزیولوژی و ویژگی‌های رویشی و زایشی ‏گل مریم (‏Polianthes tuberose L. cv. Double‏) در شرایط تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور مطالعه تأثیر سطوح مختلف قارچ تریکودرما بر برخی صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک، گلدهی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه گل مریم در شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه­های تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1396 ­انجام رسید. عامل اول تنش خشکی در سه سطح (100 (شاهد)، 50 و 25 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و عامل دوم قارچ Trichoderma harzianum bi در سه سطح (20، 10 و صفر درصد وزن گلدان) بود. نتایج نشان داد تنش خشکی باعث افزایش مقادیر آنتی‌اکسیدان و پرولین شد و تأثیر منفی و معنی‌داری بر مقدار وزن­تر و خشک ریشه و پیازچه­ها، محتوای رطوبت نسبی آب برگ، تعداد برگ، قطر گلچه و تعداد گلچه بازشده داشت، اما قارچ تریکودرما تا حد زیادی این اثر منفی را تعدیل­نمود. بیشترین مقدار رطوبت نسبی آب برگ (5/84 درصد) در تیمار 10 درصد قارچ به­دست­آمد که تفاوت معنی‌داری با سطح 20 درصد قارچ نداشت. در سایر صفات بیشترین مقادیر مربوط به سطح 20 درصد قارچ بود. اثر متقابل قارچ و تنش خشکی بر قطر گلچه، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و پیازچه­ها معنی‌دار شد و قارچ تریکودرما به‌خوبی توانست اثر منفی تنش خشکی را بهبود ببخشد. قارچ تریکودرما ضمن کاهش اثر تنش خشکی، باعث افزایش رشد رویشی و پیازچه­ها و افزایش تعداد گلچه بازشده، گردید. بر اساس نتایج می­توان قارچ تریکودرما را به‌عنوان عامل مؤثر در افزایش کیفیت گل مریم در شرایط مشابه پیشنهاد نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Trichoderma harzianum fungus on the physiology traits and some ‎vegetative and reproductive characteristics of tuberose (Polianthes tuberose L. cv. ‎Double) under drought stress conditions‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Reza Zekavati 1
  • Narjes Mansouri 2
  • Seyyedeh Roghayeh Fatemi 2
1 Former Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran‎
2 Former M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran‎
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of different levels of Trichoderma fungus on some morpho-physiological and flowering traits of tuberoseunder drought stress conditions, an experiment was conducted in a factorial based on completely randomized design with three replications in greenhouses of Ferdowsi University in 2017. The first factor was drought stress at three levels (100 (Control), 50 and 25% FC) and the second factor was Trichodermaharzianum biat three levels (20, 10 and 0% pot weight). The results showed that drought stress increased the amount of antioxidant and proline and had a negative significant effect on fresh and dry weights of root and bulblet, Relative water content, leaf number, floret diameter and number of open florets, but Trichoderma largely moderated these negative effects. The highest amount of relative humidity content of leaf water (84.5%) was obtained at 10% level of fungus, which did not show a significant difference from 20% level of fungus. In the rest of the traits, the highest levels were found at 20% level of fungus. The interactions effect of fungus and droght stress on the floret diameter, fresh and dry weights of root and bulblet were significant and Trichoderma fungus improve the negative effects of drought stress. Trichoderma fungus, besides reducing the effects of drought stress, increases vegetative growth and bulblets and increases the number of open florets. Based on results, use of Trichoderma fungus can be suggested as a effective factor in increasing the quality of tuberoseflower in similar conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bulblet
  • drought stress
  • number of florets
  • Trichoderma fungus
  • tuberose flower

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 1017-1026

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 دی 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 فروردین 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 اردیبهشت 1398

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