بررسی تأثیر بیوچار گلایول بر برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و جذب فلزات سنگین در گیاه کاهو ‏‏(‏Lactuca sativa L.‎‏) رقم "سیاهو"‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

بیوچار تکنولوژی زیست‌محیطی جدیدی است که استفاده از آن می­تواند در راستای کاهش تجمع آلودگی خاک مورداستفاده قرار بگیرد. بدین منظور، آزمایشی گلخانه­ای به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد و مقادیر بیوچار گلایول در 3 سطح (صفر، 5، 10 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک)، کادمیوم (صفر، 10 و 20 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) و سرب (صفر، 300 و 600 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک)، مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین مقدار صفات مورفولوژیکی شامل سطح برگ، ارتفاع، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی، وزن تر و خشک ریشه در سطح 5 گرم بیوچار گلایول در کیلوگرم خاک مشاهده شد و افزایش سطح بیوچار گلایول از سطح 5 به 10 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک سبب کاهش این صفات شد. کاربرد 5 ­گرم بیوچار در کیلوگرم خاک در بالاترین غلظت سرب و کادمیوم، سبب کاهش 38/27 و 87/21 درصدی غلظت سرب و کادمیوم در گیاه (اندام هوایی+ ریشه) شد. در بالاترین سطح بیوچار، سرب و کادمیوم، کاهش صفات و افزایش در غلظت سرب و کادمیوم گیاه و خاک مشاهده شد. در واقع بیوچار گلایول در سطح 5 گرم در کیلوگرم خاک به‌دلیل داشتن سطح ویژه بالا، سرب و کادمیوم را در سطح خود جذب کرد و باعث کاهش جذب این دو عنصر و بهبود صفات کاهو شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of glayol biochar on some of morphological traits and heavy metals ‎uptake in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv Syaho)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Akram Valizadeh ghale beig 1
  • Seyed Hossein Nemati 2
  • Hojat Emami 3
  • Hossein Aroie 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mahshhad, ‎Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mahshhad, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mahshhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Biochar is a new environmental technology that can be used to reduce the accumulation of soil contamination. To evaluate the effects of biochar of cutflower glayolon growth characteristics and the accumulation of heavy metals of lead and cadmium in lettuce, a factorial experiment as a completely randomized design with four replications was conducted and amount of glayol biochar at three levels (0, 5, 10 g/kgsoil), cadmium (0, 10, 20 mg/kg soil) and lead (0, 300, 600 mg/kg soil) were tested. The results showed that the highest amount of lettuce traits including leaf area, height, fresh and dry weight of shoot and fresh and dry weight of root were found at the rate of 5 g glayol biochar /kg soil. Increment of glayol biochar levels from 5 to 10 g/kg soil decreased all mentioned traits. Application of 5 g biochar /kg soil of at the highest concentrations of lead and cadmium decreased the concentration of lead and cadmium in the plant (shoot+root) up to 27.38 and 21.87 %. The highest rate of biochar, lead and cadmium reduced growth traits, and increased the uptake of lead and cadmium in plant tissues and their concentrations in soil. In fact, glayol biochar (5g /kg soil), because of high specific surface area, adsorbed lead and cadmium on their surfaces and cause to reduce the absorption of these two elements and improved growth characteristics in lettuce.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural waste
  • cadmium
  • cutflower
  • lead

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 773-784

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 اردیبهشت 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 خرداد 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 خرداد 1398

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