اثر نیتروژن بر برخی صفات کمی و کیفی گیاه دارویی زرین گیاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی تأثیر سطوح مختلف نیتروژن روی صفات کمی و کیفی گیاه دارویی زرین گیاه (Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss)، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1397-1396 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس به مرحله اجرا در آمد. این آزمایش در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای مورد بررسی شامل سطوح کودی صفر، 50، 100، 150، 200، 250، 300 و 350 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار بود. از اوره به عنوان کود نیتروژن و از نشاء زرین گیاه اکوتیپ فریدونشهر برای کشت استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیش‌ترین ارتفاع (63/29 سانتی‌متر) از کاربرد 6/132 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار به‌دست آمد. بیش‌ترین وزن تر کل با 2966 کیلوگرم در هکتار با کاربرد 8/126 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار حاصل شد. بیش‌ترین وزن تر ساقه و برگ به‌ترتیب با کاربرد 69/112 و 69/162 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار مشاهده شد. کاربرد 69/112 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن بیش‌ترین فلاونوئید کل (69/7 میکرومول بر گرم وزن تر برگ) را داشت و بیش‌ترین عملکرد اسانس از کاربرد 5/126 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار به‌دست آمد. به‌خاطر این‌که هدف از کشت گیاهان اسانس‏دار، تولید عملکرد اسانس بیش‌تری می‌باشد لذا مقدار نیتروژن توصیه‌شده برای زرین گیاه برای دستیابی به حداکثر عملکرد اسانس، 5/126 کیلوگرم در هکتار می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of nitrogen on some quantitative and qualitative traits of Dracocephalum ‎kotschyi Boiss

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Heidarzadeh 1
  • Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy 2
  • Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran‎
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran‎
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran‎
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative traits of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss, a field experiment was conducted in the Research Field of Tarbiat Modares University during 2018 growing season. The experiment was performed at three replications in a completely randomized blocks design. The experimental treatments included eight nitrogen fertilizer amounts (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 kg Nitrogen/ha). Urea as nitrogen fertilizer and the seedling of Fereydun Shahr as ecotype were used. The results showed that the maximum height (29.63 cm) was obtained from the application of 136.6 kg N ha-1. The highest total fresh weight was observed with 2966 kg ha-1 from the application of 126.8 kg N ha-1. The highest stems and leaves fresh weight was produced by using 112.69 and 162.69 kgNha-1, respectively. Application of 112.69 and 126.5 kg N ha-1 had the highest total flavonoid (7.69 μmol/g of fresh leaf weight) and essential oil yield respectively. Because the purpose of cultivating medicinal plants to produce essential oil yields, therefore, the recommended amount of nitrogen to achieve maximum essential oil yield for D. kotschyi is 126.5 kg ha-1.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anthocyanin
  • Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss
  • endangered
  • essential oil yield
  • flavonoid
  • nitrogen

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 705-717

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 تیر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 مهر 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 مهر 1398

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