مقایسه کمی و کیفی رقم‎‌‎های هیبرید و آزاد گرده‌افشان پیاز روزکوتاه در شرایط اقلیمی خوزستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان ‏تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

 به­منظور مقایسه کمی و کیفی رقم­های هیبرید و آزاد گرده‌افشان پیاز روزکوتاه در شرایط اقلیمی خوزستان این تحقیق به صورت طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی شامل 15رقم ( 10 رقم هیبربد و پنج رقم آزاد گرده‌افشان) با چهار تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بهبهانبه­مدت دو سال زراعی (97-1395) اجرا شد. بذرها در اواسط مهر ماه در خزانه کشت و نشاها در اواسط آذرماه به زمین اصلی منتقل شدند. حداکثر عملکرد توسط رقم سیروس به­دست آمد، ولی کاهش عملکرد رقم­های هیبرید صبا و اس­وی 4043 و رقم­های آزاد­ گرده‌افشان تگزاس­ارلی­گرانو، تگزاس­ارلی­وایت و سپیدان نسبت به رقم سیروس معنی‌دار نبود. مقایسه گروهی صفات کمی و کیفی رقم‌های هیبرید و آزاد گرده‌افشان به روش تقسیم اثرات تیمار مشخص نمود، به استثنای درصد بولتینگ که در رقم­های آزاد گرده‌افشان به‌طور معنی‌داری از رقم‌های هیبرید بیشتر بود، از نظر سایر صفات تفاوت معنی‌داری بین رقم­های هیبرید و آزاد گرده‌افشان مشاهده نگردید. با عنایت به پایین­تر بودن قیمت بذر رقم­های آزاد گرده‌افشان، به­خصوص با توجه به افزایش قیمت ارز در سال­های اخیر و امکان تولید بذر رقم‌های آزاد گرده‌افشان توسط زارعین، برای تولید پیاز در استان خوزستان، کاشت رقم­های آزاد ­گرده‌افشان تگزاس­ارلی­گرانو، تگز­اس­ارلی­وایت و سپیدان توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of open-pollinated and ‎hybrid short day onion cultivars in Khuzestan climatic conditions

نویسنده [English]

  • Abdulsattar Darabi
Associate Professor, Seed and Plant Research Improvement Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research ‎and Education Center, AREEO, Ahwaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

This research was conducted to compare the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of open-pollinated and hybrid short day onion cultivars in Khuzestan climatic conditions. The experiment was done in randomized complete block deign including 15 cultivars (10 hybrid and 5 open-pollinated) with four replications at Behbahan Agriculture Research Station for two years (2016-18). Seeds were sown in nursery in early October and seedling transplanted in early November. Bulbs were harvested when 50-80% of foliage top had fallen and collapse. Siroos cultivar (hybrid) produced the highest yield. The decrease yield of Seba and SV 4043 (hybrid cultivars) as well as Texas Early White, Texas Early Grano, and Sapidan (open-pollinated cultivars) were not significant as compared with Siroos. Group comparison of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics in open-pollinated and hybrid cultivars was performed using partitioning of treatment effects. The bolted plants were significantly higher in open –pollinated than hybrid cultivars. But the differences of the other characteristic were not significant in open –pollinated and hybrid cultivars. The price of open –pollinated seed, especially due to increase price of foreign exchange in recent years, is much less than hybrid seed. In addition, seed of open pollinated cultivars could be produced by growers. Therefore, planting of open pollinated cultivars namely Texas Early White, Texas Early Grano, and Sapidan are recommended for onion production in Khuzestan province.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bolted plant
  • bulbing
  • partitioning of treatment effects
  • yield

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 691-703

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 خرداد 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 شهریور 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 شهریور 1398

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