تظاهر ژن کلروپلاستی ‏psbA‏ در رقم های حساس و متحمل گلابی در واکنش به حمله عامل بیماری ‏آتشک و بازدارنده‌های زنجیره الکترونی کلروپلاست و میتوکندری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ‏کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

بیماری آتشک به عنوان مهم­ترین بیماری درخت گلابی، از طریق تنش اکسیداتیو سبب بروز نکروز بافت‌های میزبان می‌شود. لذا شناخت رقم های متحمل و ساختارهای مقاومت به تنش اکسیداتیو بیماری، که عمدتاً با کلروپلاست­های میزبان مربوط است، در برنامه­های گزینشی این درخت کاربرد دارد. به‌منظور مطالعه رفتار کلروپلاست­ها در این اثر متقابل، تظاهر ژن کلروپلاستی psbA به­عنوان ژن کلیدی و تأثیرپذیر از سطح اکسیداسیون-احیا سلولی در دو رقم گلابی حساس (ویلیامز) و متحمل (هاروسوئیت) به بیماری، طی دوره 48 ساعته پس از حمله باکتری عامل بیماری، Erwinia amylovora در شرایط درون شیشه ای در شاخه­چه­های شاهد و آلوده­شده با سویه Ea273 بررسی شد. علاوه بر این شرایط، تظاهر ژن فوق در شرایط استفاده از بازدارنده­های­ زنجیره­ انتقال الکترون دو اندامک میتوکندری و کلروپلاست به‌ترتیب شامل روتنون و گلوتارآلدهید هر دو در غلظت یک میلی­گرم بر لیتر مقایسه شد. نتایج بیانگر سرعت بیش­تر پیشرفت نکروز در سرشاخه­ها درون شیشه ای رقم حساس بود. همچنین تظاهر ژن psbA در شرایط تیمار با بازدارنده­های گلوتارآلدهید و روتنون در هردو شرایط حضور و عدم حضور عامل بیماری، به­طور قابل­توجهی در رقم هاروسوئیت افزایش تظاهر نسبی بیش­تری در مقایسه با رقم بارتلت داشت. بر این اساس، تحمل بالاتر رقم هاروسوئیت به بیماری می‌تواند از تحریک­پذیری و واکنش سریع­تر کلروپلاست­های این رقم در مقایسه با رقم بارتلت منشأ گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Expression of chloroplastic psbA gene in susceptible and tolerant pear cultivars in ‎response to invasion of fire blight agent and inhibitors of electron chains of the ‎chloroplasts and mitochondria

نویسندگان [English]

  • Neda Samei Farhani 1
  • Hamid Abdollahi 2
  • Seyed Alireza Salami 3
1 M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education ‎and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran‎
چکیده [English]

Fire blight, the most important disease of pear tree causes necrosis by an oxidative stress in tissues. Therefore, identification of resistant cultivars and mechanisms of resistance to the oxidative stress of disease, that are mainly related to the chloroplasts, are important in breeding programs of this tree.  In order to study the role of chloroplasts in this interaction, expression of chloroplastic gene psbA that are under control of oxidation/reduction (redox), was evaluated in susceptible (Williams) and resistant (Harrow Sweet) cultivars during 48 h post inoculation by Erwinia amylovora in in vitro condition. In addition, expression of this gene was studied at presence of glutaraldehyde and rotenone as the inhibitors of the electron transport chain of chloroplast and mitochondria, respectively. The results showed higher necrosis progress rate in the in vitroshootlets of susceptible cultivar. Expression of psbA gene at presence of inhibitors in both presence and absence of E. amylovora was higher in cultivars Harrow Sweet. According to the results, the higher resistance level of cultivars Harrow Sweet to the disease could be due to the higher rapid responses and reaction of the chloroplasts of this cultivar in comparison to the cultivar Williams.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • D1 protein
  • electron transport chain
  • Erwinia amylovora
  • oxidative stress
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