اثر کم‌آبیاری در مراحل مختلف رشدی دو توده خربزه ایرانی بر رشد، عملکرد، کیفیت میوه و کارایی مصرف آب ‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر تنش کم‌آبیاری در مراحل مختلف رشدی بر رشد، عملکرد و کیفیت دو توده خربزه ایرانی آزمایشی در قالب کرت­های دوبار خرد شده بر اساس طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در دانشگاه زنجان در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کم آبیاری در سه سطح (100، 80 و 60 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه) به عنوان کرت اصلی، مرحله تنش­دهی در دو سطح (مرحله گلدهی و بیست روز بعد از گلدهی) به عنوان کرت فرعی و توده خربزه در دو سطح (خاتونی و ایوانکی) به عنوان کرت فرعی- فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد تنش کم آبیاری در هر دو مرحله باعث کاهش شاخص­های رشدی و عملکردی شد. کمترین میزان سطح برگ، طول بوته، عملکرد بوته(kg 72/6)، عملکرد بازارپسند بوته (kg 47/5)، درصد گوشت میوه (% 7/50) و ویتامین ث (mg/100ml 48/1) در شرایط تنش در مرحله گلدهی و آبیاری با 60 درصد نیاز آبی حاصل شد. بیشترین مواد جامد محلول توده خاتونی (%04/12)، و توده ایوانکی (% 42/11) در مرحله گلدهی همراه با کم‌آبیاری 80 درصد نیاز آبی حاصل گشت.بیشترین کارایی مصرف آب توده ایوانکی در مرحله گلدهی و توده خاتونی در مرحله 20 روز پس از گلدهی تحت شرایط کم‌آبیاری80 درصد نیاز آبی مشاهده شد. توده ایوانکی نسبت به کم­آبی متحمل‌تر بود. با توجه به نتایج، اعمال تیمار کم آبیاری 80 درصد نیاز آبی در مرحله گلدهی همراه با کاهش 61/6 درصد عملکرد میوه، موجب بهبود مواد جامد محلول میوه و صرفه­جویی 40 درصدی آب آبیاری گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of deficit irrigation at different growth stages of two Iranian melon accessions ‎on growth, yield, fruit quality and water use efficiency ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzad Taghadosinia 1
  • Zahra Ghahremani 2
  • Taher Barzegar 3
  • Mitra Aelaei 2
1 M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effect of  deficit  irrigation stress at different growth stages of two Iranian melon accessions  on growth, yield and fruit quality, a split- split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at University of Zanjan. Treatments were consisted of deficit irrigation in three levels (100, 80 and 60% ETc) as main plot, stage of water deficit application in two levels (flowering and 20 days after flowering (fruit development stage) as sub plot and melon accession in two levels (Khatooni and Ivanaki) as sub-sub plot. The results showed that deficit irrigation stress were conducted at two growth stages, reduced growths index and yield. The lowest leaf area, plant height, total plant yield (6.72 kg), marketable plant yield (5.47 kg), fruit flesh percentage (50.7%) and vitamin C (1.48 mg/100 ml were obtained under  60% ETc at flowering stage. The highest value of TSS was obtained in “Khatooni” (12.04%) and “Ivanaki” (11.42%)” by applying 80% ETc at flowering stage. The highest value of water use efficiency (WUE), was achieved in “Ivanaki” and “Khatooni under 80% ETc at flowering and” 20 days after flowering stage, respectively. The Ivanki accession showed higher tolerance to water deficit. According to the results, applying 80% ETc at the flowering stage improved the fruit TSS and resulted in 40% water usage, while reduced 6.61% of fruit yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Accession
  • marketable yield
  • melon
  • total soluble solids
  • vitamin C‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2
شهریور 1399
صفحه 503-515

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 دی 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 15 اردیبهشت 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 04 خرداد 1398

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