تأثیر محلول‌پاشی کیتوزان بر برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیک گیاه نعناع (‏Mentha spicata L.‎‏) تحت ‏تنش کم آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

4 دانشجوی دکتری، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی باریج اسانس، شرکت داروسازی باریج اسانس، کاشان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر کم‌آبیاری و کیتوزان بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی گیاه نعناع معمولی(Mentha spicata L.)  آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشگاه زنجان اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل آبیاری در دو سطح (100 درصد و 60 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی و تیمار کیتوزان در سه سطح (صفر، 50 و 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر)، به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد محلول‌پاشی با کیتوزان باعث افزایش میزان کلروفیل شد. بالاترین میزان کلروفیل ( mg gr-1 f.w240/‌1) در غلظت  mg/l100 کیتوزان در شرایط آبیاری کامل (100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) به‌دست آمد. کاربرد محلول‌پاشی mg/l100 کیتوزان و شرایط کم‌آبیاری (60 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) باعث تشکیل بیشترین میزان کاروتنوئید (mg gr-1 f.w 442/0)، فنل (mg gr-1 f.w 989/9)، فلاونوئید (mg gr-1 f.w 993/6) و پرولین (mol gr-1 f.w 96/23) در گیاهان تحت این تیمار گردید. بالاترین میزان فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی ( 16/91 درصد) در غلظت  mg/l50 کیتوزان در شرایط کم‌آبیاری مشاهده شد. همچنین کم‌آبیاری و کیتوزان اثر مثبتی بر عملکرد اسانس داشتند، به‌طوری‌که بیشترین میزان عملکرد اسانس (kg/h 44/10) در غلظت  mg/l50 کیتوزان و در شرایط کم آبیاری حاصل شد. به‌طورکلی نتایج نشان داد تیمار کیتوزان در شرایط تنش خشکی و غیر تنش اثرات مثبتی بر صفات مذکور داشت و اثرات منفی ناشی از تنش را بهبود بخشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of foliar application of chitosan on some physiological characteristics of ‎Mentha spicata L. under deficit irrigation stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehnoosh Rahmani 1
  • Azizollah Kheiry 2
  • Mohsen Sanikhani 2
  • Najmmaddin Mortazavi 3
  • Narjes Farzin 4
1 M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
4 Ph.D. Candidate, Barij Essence Pharmaceutical Company, Kashan, Iran ‎
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of deficit irrigation and chitosan on some physiological traits of Mentha spicata L. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design in a split plot arrangement with three replications in University of Zanjan. The experimental treatments were irrigation at two levels (100% and 60% field capacity) as the main factor and chitosan treatment at three levels (0, 50 and 100 mg/l) was considered as a sub factor. The results showed that spraying with chitosan increased chlorophyll content. The highest chlorophyll content (1.240 mg gr-1 f.w) was obtained at 100 mg/l chitosan under complete irrigation conditions (100% field capacity). The spraying application of 100 mg/l chitosan and deficit irrigation conditions (60% field capacity) caused the highest amount of carotenoids (0.45 mg gr-1 f.w), phenol (9.989 mg gr-1 f.w), flavonoid (6.993 mg gr-1 f.w) and proline (23.96 mol gr-1 fw). The highest level of antioxidant activity (91.16%) was observed in 50 mg/l chitosan under deficit irrigation. Also, deficit irrigation and chitosan had a positive effect on the essential oil yield, so that the highest essential oil yield (10.44 kg/h) was obtained at 100 mg/l chitosan concentration and under deficit irrigation conditions. Overall, the results showed that chitosan treatment had positive effects on drought stress and non-stress conditions and improved the negative effects of drought stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant activity
  • essential oil yield
  • phenolic compounds
  • proline
  • relative water content

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2
شهریور 1399
صفحه 479-492

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 دی 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 اردیبهشت 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 04 خرداد 1398

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