تأثیر عمق و روش آبیاری بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی خرمای هلیلی در میناب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

‏ مربی پژوهش بخش تحقیقات خاک وآب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش ‏و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی سیستم آبیاری و مطالعه آب مورد نیاز خرما رقم هلیلی در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی میناب، آزمایشی به صورت کرت­های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. عامل اول روش آبیاری به دو صورت (سطحی و قطره­ای) بعنوان کرت اصلی و عامل دوم عمق آب آبیاری در دو سطح (75 و 100 درصد تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A) به­عنوان کرت فرعی بود. هر کرت آزمایشی شامل دو درخت شش ساله با فاصله‌­ی هشت در هشت متر بود. صفات مورد بررسی شامل عملکرد، بهره‌وری آب گیاه، درصد قند کل محلول، متوسط وزن میوه، نسبت گوشت به هسته، درصد ماده خشک و درصد کل مواد جامد محلول بود. نتایج نشان داد، تیمار 75 درصد قطره­ای با بالاترین متوسط بهره­وری ­آب به­مقدار 89/0 کیلوگرم محصول بر مترمکعب آب مصرفی در مدت چهار سال و میانگین چهار ساله 7036 مترمکعب آب مصرفی در هکتار در سال، با توجه به چالش خشکسالی در سال­های اخیر، در راستای اهداف کشاورزی پایدار بوده و قابل توصیه در منطقه است. این تیمار علاوه بر برتری در بهره­وری آب گیاه و کمترین مقدار آب مصرفی، در همه صفات کیفی، به‌جز متوسط وزن میوه، نسبت به بقیه تیمار­ها برتری نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of depth and method of irrigation on quantitative and qualitative yield of ‎Halili date palm in Minab ‎

نویسنده [English]

  • Yaghoobali Karami
Research Instructor of Soil and Water Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education ‎Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the irrigation system and investigate the water requirement of date palm (Halili cultivar) in Minab Agricultural Research Station, an experiment was conducted as split plot with three replications based on randomized complete blocks design. The first factor was the irrigation method in two levels (surface and drip) as main plot and the second factor was the depth of irrigation water in two levels (75 and 100 percent evaporation from class A pan) as sub-plot. Each experimental plot consisted of two six-year-old trees at a distance of eight by eight meters. The studied traits included yield, water productivity, total soluble sugar content, average fruit weight, meat to kernel ratio, dry matter percentage and total soluble solids content. The results showed that treatment with 75% drip irrigation with the highest mean of water productivity (0.89 kg/m3) of water consumed over four years and an average of 7036 m3 of water consumed per hectare per year according to the drought challenge in recent years has been consistent with agricultural goals and is recommended in the region. In addition to the superiority of water productivity and the lowest amount of water consumed, this treatment showed superiority in all qualitative traits, except of the average weight of fruits.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Irrigation requierment
  • surface and drip irrigation
  • water productivity

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2
شهریور 1399
صفحه 427-440

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 دی 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 اسفند 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 10 فروردین 1398

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