تأثیر محرک‌های زیستی هیومی فورته و‎ ‎اسید آمینه ال-آرژنین بر صفات رشدی، فیزیولوژیکی و ‏بیوشیمیایی جعفری آفریقایی (‏Tagetes erecta L.‎‏) تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ‏تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه کشاورزى، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران

4 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر محرک زیستی هیومی فورته و اسید آمینه آرژنین بر خصوصیات رشدی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گل جعفری آفریقایی (Tagetes erecta L.) در شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملا تصادفی در 3 تکرار انجام شد. عامل اول هیومی فورته در سه سطح (0، 5/2 و 5 میلی­گرم در لیتر)، عامل دوم اسیدآمینه ال-آرژنین در سه سطح (0، 5/1 و 3 میلی­مولار ) و عامل سوم تنش خشکی در سه سطح (100، 70 و 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) بودند. صفات تعداد گل، قطر گل­، کلروفیل کل، کاروتنوئید، فعالیت آنزیم سوپر اکسید دیسموتاز و مقدار عناصر پرمصرف (نیتروژن، پتاسیم و فسفر) در برگ اندازه گیری شدند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد اثر هیومی فورته و خشکی روی تعداد و قطر گل معنی­دار شد (05/0P≤). تنش خشکی روی تمامی صفات مورد بررسی تأثیر معنی­داری داشت به‌طوریکه تنش 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی سبب کاهش تعداد و قطر گل، کلروفیل کل و عناصر پرمصرف شد، اما سبب افزایش فعالیت آنزیم سوپر اکسید دیسموتاز و کاروتنوئید گردید. نمونه­های تیمار شده با هیومی فورته 5 میلی­گرم در لیتر بیشترین تأثیر بر صفات آزمایشی داشتند. اثرات سه­گانه هیومی­فورته، ال-آرژرنینوخشکی روی کلروفیل کل، فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، فسفر و پتاسیم معنی­دار شد (05/0P≤). تیمار ترکیبی هیومی فورته 5 میلی­گرم در لیتر به علاوه ال-آرژنین 3 میلی­مولار مناسب‌ترین تیمار جهت کاهش آثار سوء ناشی از تنش به‌ویژه تنش 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی روی گیاه جعفری آفریقایی می­باشد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of humi-forthi and L-arginine amino acid on growth, physiological and ‎biochemical characteristics of Marigold (Tagetes erecta) under drought stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahsa Rezasefat 1
  • Sepideh Kalatejari 2
  • Foad Fatehi 3
  • Ahmad Khalighi 4
1 M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industry, Islamic Azad University, Science and ‎Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, ‎Tehran, Iran‎
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Payame Noor university, Tehran, Iran
4 Professor, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate effect of humi-forthi biostimulator and L-arginine amino acid on growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics of marigold (Tagetes erecta) under drought stress, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications was carried out. The first factor was humi-forthi at three levels (0, 2.5 and 5 mg/l), the second factor was L-arginine at three levels (0, 1.5 and 3 mM), and the thirs factor was drought stress at three levels (100%, 70%, and 40% FC). Traits including the number of flowers, flower diameter, total chlorophyll content, SOD enzyme activities, andNPK concentrations were measured. The results indicated that drought stress, especially 40% FC, significantly influenced all morpho-physiological traits of marigold. There was observed a reduction flower diameter and number, chlorophyll content, and NPK under drought stress, whereas an increase was recorded for SOD activity and carotenoid. In most traits, 5 mg/l humi-forthi was more effective in respect to 2.5 mg/l and control. In addition, 3 mM L-arginine significantly had greater impact in respect to control and 1.5 mM. The interaction of humi-forthi, L-arginine and drought stress was significant on total chlorophyll, SOD activity, P and K (P≤0.05). The treatment of 5 mg/l humi-forthi + 3 mM L-arginine is the most effective treatment for alleviating the adverse effect of drought stress particularly 40 % FC.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought stress
  • humi-forthi
  • L-arginine
  • marigold‎
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