اثر کاربرد قبل از برداشت منابع مختلف کلسیم بر کیفیت گل شاخه‌بریده ژربرا (‏Gerbera jamesonii ‎L.‎‏) در دو رقم ‏Intense‏ و ‏Rosalin

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، پردیس دانشگاهی، دانشگاه گیلان

2 استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه گیلان

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه گیلان

4 استادیار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد چالوس

چکیده

گل ژربرا به تیره کلاهپرک­سانان تعلق دارد و یکی از پنج گل برتر دنیا از لحاظ میزان تولید و مصرف محسوب می­شود که ارزش اقتصادی زیادی در صنعت بین‌المللی گل­های شاخه‌بریده دارد. در این مطالعه کاربرد قبل از برداشت کلسیم از منابع کلرید کلسیم و نیترات کلسیم در چهار غلظت 0، 5/0، 1 و 5/1 درصد به صورت محلول پاشی برگی در سه مرحله، بر کیفیت پس از برداشت گل شاخه‌بریده ژربرا در سیستم کشت هیدروپونیک مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفت. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. به‌منظور ارزیابی اثر تیمارها بر ماندگاری، گل‌های تولیدی در محلول گلجای حاوی 200 میلی­گرم در لیتر هیدروکسی کوینولین سولفات در دمای 20 درجه سلسیوس قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد 1 درصد کلرید کلسیم به‌ترتیب سبب افزایش معنی­دار 13/6 و 5 روز ماندگاری بیشتر نسبت به شاهد در ارقام اینتنس و رزالین شد. تیمارهای کلرید کلسیم و نیترات کلسیم در افزایش وزن تر نسبی به دلیل افزایش جذب محلول مؤثر بودند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد هر دو منبع کلسیم سبب تأخیر پیری در گل‌ و افزایش پروتئین، آنتوسیانین و محتوای کلسیم ساقه و کاهش نشت یونی و مالون‌دی‌آلدهید در انتهای دوره نگهداری شدند. تیمار قبل از برداشت کلسیم سبب افزایش معنی‌دار فعالیت آنزیم‌های پراکسیداز (POD) و فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز (PAL) در هر دو رقم ژربرا شد و بیشترین و کمترین فعالیت POD و PAL به‌ترتیب در رقم­های اینتنس و رزالین به‌دست آمد. درمجموع نتایج نشان داد که تیمار­های کلسیم قبل از برداشت (به‌خصوص غلظت 1 درصد کلرید کلسیم) سبب افزایش معنی­دار در ماندگاری و حفظ کیفیت پس از برداشت دو رقم گل شاخه‌بریده ژربرا گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of per-harvest applications of different source of calcium on the quality of ‎gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) flower in two cultivars of intense and rosaline‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maral Aghdam 1
  • Moazzam Hassanpour Asil 2
  • Mahmood Ghasem-Nezhad 3
  • Seyed Amir Abas Mousavi 4
1 Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Horticulture, University Campus, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
چکیده [English]

Gerbera flower belongs to the Composite family and is one of the five top cut flowers in the world in terms of production and consumption, which has a great economic value in the international flowering industry. This study was designed to evaluate whether calcium pre-harvest foliar application in hydroponic culture, provided through 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% of CaCl2 and CaNO3, could extend quality of gerbera cut flower. The layout was factorial experiment in completely randomized design (CRD) with four replication.  Afterwards, for evaluation of associated traits with vase life, the produced flowers were kept in a vase solution containing 200 mg/L hydroxyquinoline sulfate with temperature conditions of 20 °C. The results showed that vase life of flowers extended 6.1 and 5 days by application 1% CaCl2 for Intens and Rosalin respectively. All treatments were effective in the increasing relative fresh weight of flower due to increase water uptake. The results also revealed that the calcium pretreatment delayed flowers senescence and maintained leaf protein and petal anthocyanin content. Application of calcium resulted in a decrease in electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content in the cut flowers of both cultivars, providing evidence for delay of senescence in calcium-treated cut flowers. Also, results showed that calcium application significantly increased Peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) of both cultivars.  The maximum and the minimum PAL and POD activities were observed in resistant and sensitive cultivars, respectively. Taken together, pre-harvest application of calcium (especially 1% CaCl2) might be promising approaches to improve postharvest performance of gerbera cut flowers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anthocyanin
  • malondialdehyde
  • peroxidase
  • phenylalanine ammonia-lyase‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2
شهریور 1399
صفحه 329-345

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 اسفند 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 اردیبهشت 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 خرداد 1397

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