ارزیابی عملکرد و ویژگی‌های کیفی سیاه‌دانه تحت تأثیر کود و آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی عملکرد و ویژگی‌های کیفی سیاه‌دانه تحت تأثیر کاربرد انواع کود و قطع آبیاری، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشگاه زابل در سال 96-1395 انجام شد. عامل اصلی قطع آبیاری در چهار سطح آبیاری متداول، قطع آبیاری در مرحله ساقه رفتن تا شروع گلدهی، قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی تا شروع پرشدن دانه‌‌ و قطع آبیاری در مرحله شروع پرشدن تا انتهای پر شدن دانه و عامل فرعی انواع کود در چهار سطح شاهد (عدم مصرف کود)، ازتوبارور۱، فسفات‌بارور۲ و سوپر فسفات تریپل بودند. برهمکنش قطع آبیاری و کود بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد، کلروفیل برگ، کاروتنوئید، درصد و عملکرد اسانس معنی‌دار شد. بیشترین عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و عملکرد اسانس از تیمار آبیاری متداول توام با کاربرد کود زیستی ازتوبارور1 و بیشترین درصد اسانس از تیمار قطع آبیاری در مرحله شروع پرشدن تا انتهای پر شدن دانه همراه با کود زیستی ازتوبارور1 حاصل شد. عملکرد دانه در شرایط قطع آبیاری در مرحله پرشدن دانه و عدم استفاده از کود، 76/46 درصد کمتر از عملکرد دانه در شرایط کاربرد کود زیستی ازتوبارور1 توأم با آبیاری متداول بود. در مجموع می­توان گفت برای بهبود ویژگی‌های مورد بررسی در این پژوهش، به‌جز درصد اسانس، کاربرد کودهای زیستی توأم با آبیاری متداول می‌تواند مناسب باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of yield and quality traits of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) affected by ‎fertilizer and irrigation ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghieh Bamshad 1
  • Mahmood Ramroudi 2
  • Mohammad Reza Asgharipour 3
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
3 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
چکیده [English]

To investigate the effects of irrigation cutting and different fertilizer on yield and qualitative traits of black cumim an experiment was conducted as split plot layout based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at University of Zabol Research Farm during 2016. Main plot included four levels of irrigation cutting; conventional irrigation, irrigation cutting in between stem elongation to flowering, irrigation cutting in between flowering to beginning of seed filling period and irrigation cutting in between beginning to end of seed filling period. Subplot was different type of phosphorous fertilizer including control (no fertilizer application), Azoto-e-Barvar 1, Phosphate-e-Barvar 2 and triple super phosphate. Interaction effect of irrigation cutting and fertilizer on yield and yield components, leaf chlorophyll content, carotenoids content, essential oil percentage and yield was significant. The highest yield and yield components, photosynthetic pigments and essential oil yield were achieved in normal irrigation along with application of Azoto-e-Barvar1 and the greatest essential oil percentage were observed in irrigation cutting in between beginning to end of seed filling period along with application of Azoto -e-Barvar 1. Seed yield affected by irrigation cutting in seed filling period and without application fertilizer was 46.76 % less than seed yield in conventional irrigation along with application of Azoto-e-Barvar 1. In conclusion, to improve the characteristics of black seed, except for essential oil content, the application of bio-fertilizers along with conventional irrigation would be appropriate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carotenoid
  • essential oil percentage
  • leaf chlorophyll
  • phosphate super
  • 1000-seed weight

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2
شهریور 1399
صفحه 307-317

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 دی 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 فروردین 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 اردیبهشت 1398

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