بررسی تنوع جمعیت‌های بومادران (‏Achillea biebersteinii Afan.‎‏ و ‏Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch‏) استان آذربایجان‌غربی بر اساس صفات مورفولوژیکی، درصد و ترکیبات اسانس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، مرکز آموزش‌عالی شهید باکری میاندوآب، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 استادیار، مرکز آموزش‌عالی شهید باکری میاندوآب، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر تنوع 10 جمعیت بومادران شامل گونه­های بومادران زرد (Achillea biebersteinii Afan.) و بومادران کوتاه ­دشتی (Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch) رویشگاه­های استان آذربایجان­غربی شامل (ارومیه- نازلو، اشنویه- شهرک­صنعتی، نقده- محمد­شاه­سفلی، مهاباد- عیسی­کندی، میاندوآب- چالخاماز، سیمینه- خروجی­شهر، بوکان- علی­آباد، محمودآباد- حسین­آباد، شاهین­دژ- ساروجه و سردشت- نلاس) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. ترکیبات اسانس سرشاخه­های گل­دار جمعیت‌ها با دستگاه کروماتوگرافی گازی متصل به طیف­نگار جرمی (GC/MS) شناسایی شد. تجزیه خوشه­ای جمعیت‌ها را در سه گروه مجزا قرار داد. در مجموع 23 ترکیب در اسانس گونه بومادران زرد و 27 ترکیب در اسانس گونه بومادران کوتاه­ دشتی شناسایی شد. بازده اسانس گونه بومادران زرد از 56/0 تا 10/1 درصد و بازده اسانس گونه بومادران کوتاه­ دشتی از 49/0 تا 68/0 درصد متفاوت بود. در بین گونه بومادران زرد، جمعیت نقده دارای بیشترین بازده اسانس و در بین گونه بومادران کوتاه­ دشتی، جمعیت بوکان میزان بالای ترکیب 1،8-سینئول (%88/72)، جمعیت میاندوآب میزان بالای کامفور (%98/57) و کامفن (%58/5) و جمعیت شاهین­دژ میزان بالای پیپریتون (%32) را به خود اختصاص دادند. جمعیت‌های نقده متعلق به گونه بومادران زرد و جمعیت‌های بوکان، میاندوآب و شاهین­دژ متعلق به گونه بومادران کوتاه­ دشتی از نظر عملکرد و ماده مؤثره برتر بودند و می­توانند در صنایع وابسته و داروسازی و برنامه­های به­نژادی مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of diversity of yarrow (Achillea biebersteinii Afan. and Achillea ‎wilhelmsii C. Koch) populations in West-Azerbaijan province based on ‎morphological traits, essential oil percentage and composition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kosar Taheri Boukani 1
  • Roghayeh Najafzadeh 2
1 M.Sc. Student , Higher Education Center Shahid Bakeri Miyandoab, Urmia University, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Higher Education Center Shahid Bakeri Miyandoab, Urmia University, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study diversity of 10 populations belong to Achillea biebersteinii Afan and Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch in natural habits of West-Azerbaijan province including (Urmia-Nazlu, Oshnaviyeh-Shahraksanati, Naghadeh Mohammadshahsofla, Mahabad-Esakandi, Miandoab-Chalkhamaz, Simineh-Khorojishahr, Bukan-Aliabad, Mahmoodabad-Hosseinabad, Shahindezh-Sarojeh and Sardasht-Nalas) were evaluated. Essential oil composition of the aerial parts of plant was identified by (GC/MS) gas chromatography. Cluster analysis divided the populations into three distinct groups. In general 23 and 27 components were identified in the essential oil ofA. biebersteinii and A. wilhelmsii, respectively. The essential oil percentage of the A. biebersteinii was 0.56 to 1.10 and the essential oil percentage of the A. wilhelmsiiwas 0.49 to 0.68%. The population of Naghadeh belongs to A. biebersteinii had the highest essential oil percentage and the population of Bukan belongs to A. wilhelmsii had the highest amount of 1,8-cineole (72.88%), the population of Miandoab (A. wilhelmsii) was high in camphor (57.98%) and camphon (58.5%) and the Shahindezh population belongs to (A. wilhelmsii) had the high levels of piperiton (32%). Populations of Naghadeh belongs to (A. biebersteinii), Bukan (A. wilhelmsii), Miandoab (A. wilhelmsii) and Shahindezh (A. wilhelmsii) were superior in terms of performance and efficacy that can be used for the pharmaceutical industry and breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Camphor
  • essential oil
  • GC/MS
  • Yarrow
  • 1
  • 8-cineole

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 1
خرداد 1399
صفحه 215-228

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 بهمن 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 بهمن 1397

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