تأثیر تنش خشکی و قارچ‌های میکوریزا بر صفات فیزیولوژیک و درصد اسانس مرزه سهندی (‏Satureja sahendica Bornm.‎‏)‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مرزه سهندی یکی از گیاهان دارویی انحصاری ایران است که علاوه بر کاربرد در صنایع دارویی، غذایی، آرایشی و بهداشتی، به دلیل تحمل بالا به تنش خشکی و قابلیت تولید در مناطق دیم از اهمیت زراعی بالایی برخوردار می‌باشد. به منظور بررسی تغییرات صفات فیزیولوژیک مرزه سهندی، این تحقیق در دو سال در شرایط مزرعه در قالب کرت های خرد شده در سه تکرار اجرا شد. تنش خشکی به عنوان کرت اصلی در چهار سطح (آبیاری کامل و قطع آبیاری در مراحل ساقه‌دهی، غنچه‌دهی و 50% گلدهی) و تلقیح با قارچ مایکوریزا به عنوان کرت فرعی در چهار سطح (Glomus intraradices، G. mosseae، G. mosseae + G.intraradices و عدم استفاده از کود زیستی) در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد اثر متقابل سال×تنش×میکوریزا در سطح 1 درصد بر دو آنزیم پراکسیداز و پلی‌فنل‌اکسیداز و نیز درصد اسانس معنی‌دار بود. مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد کاتالاز، سوپراکسیددیسموتاز، پراکسیداز و فنل کل در سال دوم بیشترین بودند. بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل b، کلروفیل کل، مالون‌دی آلدهید و قند محلول در تنش خشکی در مرحله ساقه‌دهی به‌دست آمد. بیشترین سوپراکسیددیسموتاز و پرولین متعلق به تنش خشکی 50 درصد در زمان گلدهی بود. بیشترین درصد اسانس ) 87/1 درصد( در تیمار مصرف هر دو گونه میکوریزا به دست آمد. بنابراین استفاده از کودهای زیستی می تواند اثرات تنش خشکی را کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of drought stress and mycorrhizal fungi on physiological traits and essential ‎oil percentage of Satureja sahandica Bornm.‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Zakerian 1
  • Fatemeh Sefidkon 2
  • Bohloul Abbaszadeh 3
  • Sepideh Kalate-Jari 4
1 Ph. D. Candidate, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension ‎Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization ‎‎(AREEO), Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Satureja sahandica is one of the endemic Iranian medicinal plants which, has application in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic and sanitary industries and has high agricultural importance due to its high tolerance to drought stress and production capacity in rainfed areas. In order to investigate the changes in the physiological traits of Satureja sahandica, this research was carried out in two years under field conditions with split plot design in three replications. Drought stress considered as main slot at four levels (full irrigation and interupted irrigation at shoot, budding and 50% flowering stages) and inoculation with mycorhiza as sub plot  at four levels ( non-use of bio fertilizer (control), Glomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae, and Glomus mosseae + Glomus intraradices). The results showed iteraction effect of year * drought stress * mycorrhiza at 1% level on peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase and percentage of essential oil was significant. Mean comparison of traits showed that catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and total phenol were the highest in the second year. The highest amount of chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, malondialdehyde, soluble sugar was obtained in drought stress at stem elongation. The highest superoxide dismutase, proline, and total phenol belonged todrought stress at 50% flowering. The highest percentage of essential oil (1.87%) obtained in use of both species of mycorrhiza. So using bio fertilizers can reduced effects of drought stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant enzymes
  • essential oil percentage
  • proline
  • Satureja sahandica
  • soluble sugar

مراجع

  1. Abbaszadeh, B. (2011). Ecophysiological effect of salty stress on Camphorosma monspliaca and Artemisia sieberi Bess. Ph.D. Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture, Karaj Islamic Azad University, Iran.
  2. Abbaszadeh, B., Rahmani, A., Narimani, K., Lebaschi, M. H., Shariat, A., Mirza, M., Naderi, M., Meshkizadeh, S. Jaymand, K. & Tabaee Aghdaei, S. R. (2014). Investigation effect of survival time of chemical and manure fertilizers and application of nano fertilizer on quantity and quality of Rosa damascena in Iran. (Final report 2-09-090-90045). Recearch Istitute of Forestes and Ragelands. (In Farsi)
  3. Abbaszadeh, B., Sharifi ashourabadi, E., Lebaschi M. H., Naderi hajibagher Kandy, M. & Moghadami, F. (2008). The effect of drought stress on proline contents, soluble sugars, chlorophyll and relative water contents of balm (Melissa officinalis L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 23 (4), 504-514. (In Farsi)
  4. Afsharmohammdian, M., Ghanati, F., Ahmadiani, S. & Sadrzamani, K. (2016). Effect of drought stress on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and soluble sugars content of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.). Nova Biologica Reperta, 3 (3), 228-237.
  5. Akbarinia, A. & Sefidkon, F. (2009). Identification of essential oil components of Satureja sahendica Bornm., In cultivated condition in Qazvin. Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, 13(2), 60-63. (In Farsi)
  6. Akbarinia, A., Sefidkon, F. & Razaz Hashemi, S. R. (2009). Essential oil components of cultivated and wild accessions of Satureja sahendica Bornm. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 25(3), 376-385. (In Farsi)
  7. Amini, Z., Haddad R. & Moradi. F. (2008). Effect of water deficit on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in plant reproductive development Barley. Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 12, 46-58. (In Farsi)
  8. Arazmjo, A., Heidari, M., Ghanbari, A., Siahsar, B. & Ahmadian, A. (2010). Effects of three types of fertilizers on essential oil, photosynthetic pigments, and osmoregulators in chamomile under drought stress. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 3 (1), 23-33.
  9. Ardakani, M. R., Abbaszadeh, B., Sharifi Ashourabadi, E., Lebaschy, M.H., Moaveni, P. & Mohebbati, F. (2010). The effect of drought stress on growth indices of Balm (Melissa officinalis L.). Plant and Ecosystem, 5(21), 58-47.
  10. Arnon, D. I. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24, 1-15.
  11. Ashraf, M. Y., Azmi, A. R., Khan, A. H. & Ala, S. A. (1994). Effect of water stress on total phenols, peroxidase activity and chlorophyll content in wheat. Acta Physiology Plantarum, 16(3), 185-191.
  12. Auge, R. M., Stodola, A. J. W., Tims, J. E. & Saxton, A. M. (2001). Moisture retention properties of a mycorrhizal soil. Plant and Soil, 230, 87-97.
  13. Baher Nik, Z., Mirza, M., Abbaszadeh, B. & Naderi hajibagher Kandy, M. (2007). The effect of metabolism in response to water stress in Parthenium argentatum Gray. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 23 (3), 315-322. (in Farsi)
  14. Bartels, D. & Sunkar R., (2005). Drought and salt tolerance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 24, 23-58.
  15. Behera, S. K. & Panda R. K. (2009). Effect of fertilization and irrigation schedule on water and fertilizer solute transport for wheat crop in a subhumid subtropical region. Agriculture, Ecosystem & Environment, 130, 141-155.
  16. Blokhina, O., Virolainen E. & Fagerstedt K.V. (2003). Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress: a review. Annals of Botany, 91, 179-194.
  17. Chalker-Scott, L. (2002). Do anthocyanins function as osmoregulators in leaf tissues? Advances in Botanical Research, 37, 103-106.
  18. Dionisio-Sese, M. L. & Tobita, S. (1998). Antioxidant responses of rice seedlings to salinity stress. Plant Science, 135, 1-9.
  19. El-Gazzar, A. & Watson, A. (1970). Taxonomic study of Labiatae and related genera. New Phytologist, 69, 451-486.
  20. Fielding, J. L. & Hall, J. (1978). A biochemical and cytochemical study of peroxidase activity in root of Pisum sativam. Journal of Experimental Botany, 29, 981-989.
  21. Fu, J. & Huang, B. (2001). Involvement of antioxidants and lipid peroxidation in the adaptation of two cool season grasses to localized drought stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 45, 105-114.
  22. Galle, A., Florez-Sarasal, I., Thameur, A., Paepe, R. D., Flexas, J. & Ribas-Carb, M. (2009). Effects of drought stress and subsequent rewatering on photosynthetic and respiratory pathways in Nicotiana sylvestris wild type and the mitochondrial complex I-deficient CMSII mutant. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61, 765-775.
  23. Ghahreman, A. (1990). Plant systemstics: cormophytes of Iran. Tehran University Publication, 736p. (in Farsi)
  24. Ghorbani Ghogy H. & Ladan Moghaddam A. R. (2005). Introduction to oxidative stresses and plant strains, Dwavin, 128 p. (In Farsi).
  25. Hirell, B., Gouis, J. L., Ney, B. & Gallais, A. (2007). The challenge of improving nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants: towards a more central role for genetic variability and quantitative genetics within integrated approaches. Journal of Experimental Botany, 58 (9), 2369-2387.
  26. IRMO. (2016). Islamic, Republic of Iran Meterological Organization Climatology Methods, www.IRMO.IR.
  27. IsmaeilPour, B., Jalilvand P. & Javad Hadian, J. (2013). Effects of drought stress and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on some morphophysiological traits and yield of savory (Satureja hortensis L.), Agroecology, 5 (2), 177-169.
  28. Jamzad, Z. (2009). Thymus and Satureja species of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, 171 p. (in Farsi)
  29. Jazizadeh, E. & Mortezayee Nejad, F. (2017). Effects of water stress on morphological and physiological indices of Cichorium intybus L. for introduction in urban landscapes. Journal of Plant Process and Function, 6 (21), 279-290. (in Farsi)
  30. Khalafallah, A. A. & Abo-Ghalia, H. H., (2008). Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the metabolic products and activity of antioxidant system in wheat plants subjected to short-term water stress, followed by recovery at different growth stages. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 4(5), 559-569.
  31. Koc, E., İslek, C. & Üstun, A. S. (2010). Effect of cold on protein, proline, phenolic compounds and chlorophyll content of two pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) varieties. Gazi University Journal of Science, 23, 1-6.
  32. Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L. & Randall R. J. (1995). Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. Journal Biology Chemistry, 193, 265-276.
  33. Marschner, H. & Dell, B. (1994). Nutrient uptake in mycorrhizal symbiosis. Plant and Soil, 159(1), 89-102.
  34. Mittler, R. (2002). Oxidative stress, antioxidant and stress tolerance. Trends in Plant Science, 9, 405- 410.
  35. Mittler, R., Vanderauwera S., Gollery M. & Breusegem F.V. (2004). Reactive oxygen gene Net work of plants. Trends in Plant Science, 9, 490-498.
  36. Pereira, G. J. G., Milina, S. M. G., Lea, P. J. & Azevido, R. A. (2002). Activity of antioxidant enzymes in response to cadmium in Crotalaria juncea. Plant and Soil, 239, 123-132.
  37. Razavizadeh, R., Shafeghat, M. & Najafi, Sh. (2014). Effect of water deficit on morphological and physiological parameters of Carum copticum. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 6th Year, 22 (10), 15-24. (in Farsi)
  38. Rechinger, KH. (1982). Satureja in Flora Iranica. Akademische Druck-u Verlagsamstalt, Graz.
  39. Rios-Gonzalez, K., Erdei, L. & Lips, S. H. (2002). The activity of antioxidant enzymes in maize and sunflower seedlings as affected by salinity and different nitrogen sources. Plant Science, 162, 923-930.
  40. Sefidkon, F. & Akbarinia, A. (2009). Essential oil content and composition of Satureja sahendica Bornm. In different stages of plant growth. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 21 (2), 112-114.
  41. Sefidkon, F., Jamzad, Z. & Mirza, M. (2004). Chemical variation in the essential oil of Satureja sahendica from Iran. Food Chemistry, 88, 325-328.
  42. Sharma, A. K. (2002). Biofertilizers for sustainable agriculture. AgroBios. India. 300p.
  43. Shehab G. G., Ahmed, O. K. & El-Beltagi, H. S. (2010). Effects of various chemical agents for alleviation of drought stress in rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 38, 139-148.
  44. Smith, S. E. & Read, D. J. (2008). Mycorrhizal symbiosis. (3rd ed.). Academic Press, London.
  45. Soltanpour, P. N., Workman, S. M. & Schwab, A. P. (1979). Use of inductively- coupled plasma spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of macro and micro-nutrients in NH4HCO3-DTPA extracts of soils. Agronomy Soil Science Society of America Journal, 43, 75-78.
  46. Tabatabaei raisi, A., Khaligi, A., Kashi, A., Asnaashari, S., Bamdad mogadam, S. & Delazar, A. (2007). Antioxidant activity and Chemical compositions of essential oil of aerial parts of Satureja sahendica Bornm. Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3, 1-6.
  47. Turkan, I., Bor, M., Ozdemir, F., & Koca, H. (2005). Differential response of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant in the leaves of drought tolerance (P. acutifolius Gray) and drought sensitive (P. vulgaris L.) subjected to polyethylene glycol mediated water stress. Plant Science, 168, 223-231.
  48. Valente, M. A. S., Faria, J. A., Soares-Ramos, J. R. L., Reis, P. A. B., Pinheiro1, G. L., Piovesan, N. D., Morais, A. L. T., Menezes, C. C., Cano, M. A. O., Fietto, L. G., Loureiro, M. E., Araga F. J. L., & Fontes E. P. B. (2008). The ER luminal binding protein (BiP) mediates an increase in drought tolerance in soybean and delays droughtinduced leaf senescence in soybean and tobacco. Journal of Experimental Botany, 60, 533-546.
  49. Wahing, I., Van, W., Houba, V.J.G. & Van der lee, J.J. (1989). Soil and plant analysis, a series of syllabi. Part 7, plant analysis procedure. Wageningen Agriculture University, The Netherlands.
  50. Zargari, A. (1982). Medicinal herbs. University of Tehran Press. Tehran. (in Farsi)

 

علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 1
خرداد 1399
صفحه 189-201

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 09 آذر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 آذر 1397

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار