تأثیرکاربرد بیوچار و تغذ‌یه آلی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد، برخی ویژگی‌های مورفو- فیزیولوژیکی و ‏تغذیه‌ای گوجه‌فرنگی رقم ازمیر ‏‎(Solanum lycopersicum Mill cv. Izmir)‎

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ‏تهران، ایران

2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی اثر بیوچار در ترکیب با کود تازه مرغی و سطوح مختلف چای کمپوست کود مرغی بر واکنش­های تغذیه­ای و صفات رشدی گوجه­فرنگی گلخانه­ای صورت گرفت. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورها شامل بیوچار در دو سطح (صفر و 10 تن در هکتار)و تغذیه آلی و شیمیایی در شش سطح (کود مرغی تازه به میزان 30 تن در هکتار، چای کمپوست مرغی شامل سه سطح 4/1، 8/1 و 12/1 حجم کود به حجم آب و کود شیمیایی ماکرومیکس و پلی­میکرو به میزان 1 لیتر در هکتار و آب به عنوان شاهد) بود. نتایج نشان داد بین تیمارهای مختلف از لحاظ میزان نیتروژن کل، آهن، منگنز، مس و روی خاک تفاوت معنی­داری. وجود داشت. بیشترین غلظت نیتروژن برگ، وزن خشک بوته و عملکرد میوه مربوط به تیمار  T1B1(بیوچار + کود شیمیایی) و بیشترین میزان غلظت منگنز، روی، مس و آهن برگ به­ترتیب مربوط به تیمار T3B1 (چای کمپوست 4/1 و بیوچار )و T4B1(چای کمپوست 8/1 و بیوچار ) به­دست آمد. در تیمار T3B1 (چای کمپوست 4/1 و بیوچار)، بیشترین ظرفیت پاداکسنده (75/3IC50= ) و میزان ویتامین ث (03/29 میلی گرم بر 100 گرم میوه تازه) نسبت به شاهد حاصل شد، ولی در بین تیمارهای بیوچار و بیوچار توام با تغذیه از نظر میزان مواد جامد محلول و اسید قابل عیارسنجی تفاوت معنی­داری مشاهده نشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of biochar application under organic and chemical nutrition on yield, some ‎morpho-physiological and nutritional traits of tomato cv. Ismir ‎(Solanum lycopersicum Mill cv. Izmir)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mahdi Nabaei 1
  • Mohammad Reza Hassandokht 2
  • Vahid Abdossi 3
  • Mohammadreza Ardakani 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad ‎University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, ‎Iran
4 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran‎
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effects of biochar and chicken manure tea compost on the nutrition responses and growth characteristics of tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum), a greenhouse experiment was carried out. The experiment was designed as factorial based on randomized completeblock design with three replications. Factors included biochar in two levels (including 0 and 10 t/ha) and organic and chemical nutrition in six levels (including fresh chicken manure 30 t/ha, three levels of chicken manure compost tea 1:4, 1:8, and 1:12 chicken manure-to-water ratio by w/w, Macromix and Polymicro chemical fertilizer 1 lit/ha and water as control). The results showed there were significant differences among different treatments in regard to soil total N, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu. The highest leaf N, shoot dry weight and yield were obtained in T1B1 treatment(biochar and chemical ferlilizer) and the maximum manganese, zinc, copper and iron were obtained in T3B1 (compost tea 1:4 and biochar) and T4B1 (compost tea 1:8 and biochar) treatments. T3B1 (compost tea 1:8 and biochar) treatment contained the highest value of DPPH IC50 (3.75 mg), vitamin C (29.03 mg/100g), however, no significant differences were observed between biochar and biochar plus nutrition on soluble solids and titratable acidity compared with control.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fruit quality
  • microelements
  • soil properties
  • wood biochar‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 1
خرداد 1399
صفحه 177-188

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 مرداد 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 دی 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 دی 1398

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