ارزیابی رشد، کارآیی مصرف آب، نیتروژن، پتاسیم و فعالیت آنزیم نیترات ردوکتاز خربزه "خاتونی" ‏پیوندی در کشت بدون خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

صفات رویشی، محتوی کلروفیل، کارآیی مصرف آب، محتوای نیتروژن، پتاسیم و فعالیت آنزیم نیترات ردوکتاز برگ‏‌‏ها و نوک ریشه، خربزه ’خاتونی‘ روی کدوهای Ace و Shintozwa در گلخانه­ بررسی شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل پیوند خربزه روی کدو، خربزه روی خربزه، کدو روی خربزه، کدو روی کدو، خربزه غیرپیوندی و کدوی غیرپیوندی بودند. نتایج نشان داد خربزه‏‌‏های پیوندی روی Shintozwa طول ساقه (3/408 سانتی‏‌‏متر)، تعداد برگ (56/38 عدد) وزن تر برگ (7/156 گرم)، ساقه (7/132 گرم)، سطح برگ بوته (6/18517 سانتی‏‌‏مترمربع)، زیست‏‌‏توده (5/247 گرم) و درصد ماده خشک برگ (19/14 درصد)، ساقه (96/7 درصد) و ریشه (46/17 درصد) بیشتری نسبت بهAce  داشتند. پیوند خربزه روی هر دو پایه کارآیی مصرف آب، محتوای نیتروژن و پتاسیم را بهبود بخشید. نیتروژن کل و نیترات برگ‏‌‏ها در Ace بیشتر از Shintozwa به‏‌‏دست آمد. مقدار نیتروژن آمونیومی برگ‏‌‏ها در پایه Shintozwa بیشتر از پایه Ace بود. فعالیت آنزیم نیترات ردوکتاز برگ خربزه‏‌‏های پیوندی روی پایه Ace بیشتر از پایه Shintozwa بود. فعالیت آنزیم نیترات ردوکتاز در ریشه نسبت به برگ در حالت پیوندی بیشتر بود. فعالیت آنزیم نیترات ردوکتاز ریشه ارتباط غیرمستقیم معنی‏‌‏داری با طول شاخه، زیست‏‌‏توده ، وزن تر برگ و شاخه، سطح کل برگ و ماده خشک ریشه نشان داد. در کل خربزه‏‌‏های پیوندی نسبت به غیرپیوندی دارای مقادیر زیادتری نیتروژن آلی نسبت به زیست‏‌‏توده کل بودند که این افزایش در ارتباط با احیا و مصرف زیاد نیترات می‏‌‏باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of growth, water, nitrogen, potassium use efficiency and nitrate ‎reductase activity in grafted melon “Khatooni” under soilless culture

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mesbah Babalar 1
  • Roghayeh Javanpour 2
  • Abdolkarim Kashi 1
  • Mojtaba Delshad 3
1 Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Ph.D. Candidate, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Vegetative traits, chlorophyll content, water use efficiency, nitrogen, potassium and nitrate reductase activity of leaves and root tip were investigated in composition of the melon 'Khatooni' on squash cultivars Ace and Shintozwa under greenhouse conditions. Treatments consisted of melon grafted on squash, melon on melon, squash on melon, squash on squash, melon and squash own-rooted. Results showed that melon grafted on Shintozwa  had stem length (408.3 cm), leaf number (38.56), total leaves fresh weight (156.7 g), total shoot fresh weight (132.7 g), leaf area (18517.6 cm2), biomass (247.5 g), leaf dry matter (14.19%), shoot dry matter (7.96%) and root dry matter (17.46%) more than Ace. Grafted melons on both rootstocks were increased water, nitrogen and potassium use efficiency. The amount of total nitrogen and leaf nitrate on Ace rootstock was more than Shintozwa. The leaf ammonium on Shintozwa rootstock was more than Ace. A high nitrate reductase activity of leaves was obtained on melons grafted on Ace rootstock. Nitrate reductase activity in roots was higher than the leaves especially in the case of grafting. Root nitrate reductase activity was demonstrated a negative correlation with shoot length, biomass, leaf fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, leaf total area and root dry matter. Grafted melons totally contain large amount of organic nitrogen were compared to non-grafted, which it related to nitrate reduction and high nitrate consumption.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Melon
  • nitrate reductase
  • nitrogen
  • rootstock
  • scion‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 1
خرداد 1399
صفحه 123-138

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 خرداد 1396

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