نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
3 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
4 مربی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر عناصر غذایی نیتروژن و بور بر برخی ویژگیهای کمی و کیفی گیاه کارلا (Momordica charantia L.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهرود اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل عامل اول کود نیتروژن در سه سطح (75، 150 و 225 کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن درهکتار از منبع اوره) و عامل دوم محلولپاشی بور درچهار سطح (صفر، یک، دو و سه گرم در لیتر اسید بوریک) بودند. نتایج نشان داد نیتروژن تأثیر مثبت و معنیداری بر تعداد گلها، تعداد بذر سالم در میوه و عناصر نیتروژن و پتاسیم در بافت میوه داشت. بیشترین میزان فسفر بافت میوه در تیمار 75 کیلوگرم نیتروژن به دست آمد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد محلولپاشی بور تا غلظت دو گرم در لیتر، بیشترین تأثیر را بر صفات تعداد گل در بوته (46/96)، تعداد بذر سالم در میوه (36/36)، کاهش تعداد بذر پوک در میوه (07/2) و افزایش میزان عنصر نیتروژن (11/10 درصد) در بافت میوه بر جا گذاشت. بیشترین عملکرد میوه در بوته و وزن هزاردانه نیز در تیمار کاربرد همزمان 150 کیلوگرم نیتروژن و دو گرم در لیتر بور حاصل شد و کمترین مقدار این صفات مربوط به تیمار 75 کیلوگرم نیتروژن و عدم محلولپاشی بور بود. نتایج نشان داد استفاده از 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود نیتروژن به همراه محلولپاشی دو گرم در لیتر اسید بوریک تأثیر بیشتری بر عملکرد میوه و غلظت عناصر معدنی در میوه کارلا داشت.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of nitrogen and boron fertilizers on the yield and concentration of mineral elements of karela fruit (Momordica charantia L.)
نویسندگان [English]
- Ali Hassanzade 1
- Mostafa Heidari 2
- Hassan Khoshghalb 3
- Hassan Ghorbani Ghoozhdi 4
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Iran
4 Instructor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Iran
چکیده [English]
In order to study the effects of nitrogen and boron elements on quantity and quality characteristics of karela (Momordicacharantia L.), a factorial experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in AgricultururalFaculty, Shahrood University of Technology. The treatments consisted of nitrogen as a first factorin in three levels(75, 150 and 225 kg ha-1,as urea) and foliar application of boron as a second factor in four levels (0, 1, 2 and 3 g L-1 boric acid). The results showed that the maximum amount of the phosphorus in fruit was obtained at the 75 kg ha-1. The results showed that foliar application of boron up to 2 g L-1 caused the greatest effect on the number of flowers per plant (96.46), number of perfect seeds per fruit (36.36), and reducing the number of hollow seed fruits (2.07) and increased the amount of nitrogen (11.10%) in the fruit tissue. The highest fruit yield per plant and seed thousand weight were obtained at the 150 kgha-1nitrogen and 2 gr/l foliar application of boron and the lowest of these traits were treated of 75 kg ha-1 and without application of bororn. Results showed that use of 150 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer plus 2 g L-1 of boric acid, had a greater effect on the fruit yield and concentration of mineral elements in karela fruit.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Boric acid
- Karela (Momordica charantia)
- Mineral nutrition
- Urea
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