تأثیر کاربرد کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد، کیفیت و ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی میوه گوجه فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی تأثیر کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد، کیفیت و ظرفیت آنتی­اکسیدانی میوه گوجه­فرنگی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 9 تیمار و 3 تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی خلعت­پوشان دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز به اجرا درآمد. بذرهای گوجه­فرنگی رقم Super Chief در کشت خزانه با تیمار منفرد و تلفیقی باکتری­های آزادکننده پتاسیم (Pseudomonas sp. S19-1, Pseudomonas sp. S14-3) و حل‌کننده فسفات (P. putida Tabriz, P. fluorescence Tabriz) و تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن (Azospirillum sp. Acu9, Azotobacter sp.) تلقیح شدند. علاوه بر این تیمارها، تیمار شاهد بدون تلقیح باکتری و کوددهی (شاهد یک) و تیمار شاهد بدون تلقیح باکتری و با کوددهی (عناصر ماکرو) براساس نتایج آزمون خاک (شاهد دو) به­منظور انجام مقایسه لحاظ شدند. صفات مورد ارزیابی شامل عملکرد کل، عملکرد اقتصادی و غیراقتصادی، تعداد میوه، وزن متوسط میوه، درصد ماده­خشک میوه، میزان ویتامین ث، میزان لیکوپن، اسیدیته قابل تیتراسیون میوه و مقدار پتاسیم میوه بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر باکتری‌های فوق بر شاخص‌هایی مثل عملکرد، میزان پتاسیم میوه، اسیدیته، درصد ماده خشک میوه، محتوای ویتامین ث و لیکوپن معنی‌دار بود و بالاترین میزان عملکرد، میزان پتاسیم میوه، اسیدیته و درصد ماده خشک میوه در تیمار باکتری­های آزادکننده پتاسیم و بالاترین میزان ویتامین ث در تیمار تلفیقی باکتری­های آزادکننده پتاسیم و حل‌کننده فسفات و بالاترین میزان لیکوپن در تیمار تلفیقی باکتری­های آزادکننده پتاسیم و حل‌کننده فسفات و تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن به­دست آمد. با­توجه به نتایج فوق می‌توان به مؤثر­بودن باکتری­های آزادکننده پتاسیم و حل‌کننده فسفات و تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن به­عنوان کود زیستی در بهبود عملکرد و خصوصیات کیفی گوجه­فرنگی اشاره کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of application of biofertilizers on yield, quality and antioxidant capacity of tomato fruit

نویسندگان [English]

  • Peyman Sheikhalipour 1
  • Saheb Ali Bolandndnazar 2
  • Mohammad Reza Sarikhani 3
  • Jaber Panahandeh 3
1 Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of biofertilizers, on the yield, quality and antioxidant capacity of tomato fruit, an experiment based on randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 3 replications was carried out at Khalatpoushan station, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University. seeds of Super Chief tomato variety were inoculated with individual and combined treatments of potassium releasing bacteria (Pseudomonas sp. S19-1, Pseudomonas sp. S14-3), phosphate solubilizing (P. putida Tabriz, P. fluorescens Tabriz) and nitrogen fixing (Azospirillum sp. Acu9, Azotobacter sp.) In the nursery cultivation. In addition, control treatments were performed, without bacterial inoculation and fertilization (control 1) and control treatment without bacterial inoculation and with fertilization (macro elements) based on the soil test analysis (control 2) compare the results. Traits assessed include: total yield, economic yield, non-economic yield, the number of total fruit, average weight of fruit, fruit dry matter, lycopne, vitamin C, total acid and fruit potassium. Results showed that inoculation with bacteria had significant effect on yield, potassium content of fruit, acidity of fruit, dry matter, vitamin C and lycopene content and the highest yield, potassium content of fruit, acidity and fruit dry matter were observed in potassium releasing bacteria treatment. The highest amount of vitamin C was observed in the potassium releasing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria combined treatment while the highest amount of lycopene was obtained in the potassium releasing and phosphate solubilizing and nitrogen fixing bacteria combined treatment. According to the above results, potassium releasing and phosphate solubilizing and nitrogen fixing bacteria as a biofertilizer could be employed to improve yield and quality characteristics of tomato.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Azospirillum
  • Azotobater
  • nutrients
  • Pseudomonas

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 3
آذر 1398
صفحه 621-632

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 فروردین 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 تیر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 تیر 1397

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