تأثیر کودهای آلی و قارچ مایکوریزا بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی، عملکرد سرشاخه و موسیلاژ گاوزبان (Borago officinalis)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف ورمی­کمپوست، کمپوست گرانوله و قارچ مایکوریزا بر برخی صفات کمی و کیفی گیاه دارویی گاوزبان آلمانی، آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. عامل­های آزمایش شامل کودهای آلی در 5 سطح (صفر، 5 و 10 تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست، 3 و 6 تن در هکتار کمپوست گرانوله) و قارچ مایکوریزا در دو سطح (بدون کاربرد و کاربرد گونه Glomus mosseae) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد سرشاخه گل­دار و شاخص سطح برگ، مربوط به تیمار 10 تن در هکتار ورمی­کمپوست به­همراه مایکوریزا بود. همچنین بالاترین تعداد شاخه در بوته، درصد موسیلاژ، ارتفاع بوته و وزن هزاردانه در تیمار 10 تن در هکتار ورمی­کمپوست مشاهده شد. نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش نشان داد که استفاده از کودهای آلی و مایکوریزا می­تواند باعث افزایش شاخص سطح برگ، ­ارتفاع گیاه، وزن هزاردانه، بهبود عملکرد سرشاخه گل­دار، عملکرد زیستی و درصد موسیلاژ در گیاه گاوزبان آلمانی شود؛ در نتیجه می‌توان با استفاده بهینه از نهاده‌های آلی و زیستی نسبت به تولید سالم گیاه گاوزبان اقدام نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of organic fertilizer and mycorrhizal fungus on morphological characteristics, shoot biomass and mucilage of borage (Borago officinalis)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Shahbazi 1
  • Amin Salehi 2
  • Mohsen Movahedi Dehnavi 2
  • Hooshang Farajee 2
1 Former M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of vermicompost, granular compost and mycorrhizal fungus on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of borage, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications was conducted. Experimental treatments consisted of five levels of organic fertilization (zero, 5 and 10 tons per hectare vermicompost, 3 and 6 tons per hectare granular compost) and two levels of mycorrhizal fungi (no application and application of Gluomus mossae species). Results indicated that the highest yield of flowering shoot and LAI was obtained from the application of 10 tons per hectare vermicompost + mycorrhizal fungus. Also the highest baranch number per plant, height, 1000 seed weight and Musilage, belonged to the treatment of 10 tons per hectare vermicompost. Overal, results of this experiment showed that using of vermicompost and mycorrhiza can increase the LAI, height, 1000 seed weight, yield of flowering shoot, biological yield and mucilage percentage in borage. Therefore, the optimum organic and biologic inputs can be used to produce healthy borage plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Borage
  • mycorrhizal
  • Mucilage
  • vermicompost

مراجع

  1. Anwar, M., Patra, D., Chand, S., Alpesh, K., Naqvi, A. A. & Khanuja, S. P. S. (2005). Effect of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers on growth, herb and oil yield, nutrient accumulation, and oil quality of French basil. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 36(13-14), 1737-1746.
  2. Arancon, N., Edwards, C. A. Bierman, P., Welch, C. & Metzger, J. D. (2004). Influence of vermicompost on field strawberries: Part 1. Effects on growth and yields. Bioresource Technology, 93, 145-153.
  3. Asadi, Gh., Momek, A., Noorzade Nameghi, M. & Khoramdel, S. (2012). The effect of different fertilizer treatment on qualitative characteristics of psyllium herb (Plantago ovata Forsk.). In: National congress of soil, Sustainable agriculture, 17 March, Malayer University, Iran, pp. 120-125.
  4. Asery, G. K., Jain, N., Panwar, J., Rao, A. V. & Meghwal, P. R. (2008). Biofertilizeas improve plant growth, fruit yield, nutrition, and metabolism and rhizosphere enzyme activities of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) in Indian. Tha desert, Scientica Horticulturae, 117(2), 130-135.
  5. Atrashi, m., Vafadar Esfahan, f. & Amooaghaie, R. (2015). The effect of mycorrhiza fangus and promoting growth ryzobacteria on growth rate, flowering time and the accumulation pattern of stevioside in Stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.). Journal of Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 31(2), 220-234. (in Farsi)
  6. Delate, K. (2000). Heenahmahyah student from herb trial (Annual Reports). Leopold center for sustainable agriculture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
  7. El Gendy, S. A., Hosni, A. M., Omer, E. A. & Reham, M. S. (2001). Variation in herbage yield, essential oil yield and oil composition on sweet basil (Ocimum bacilicum) grown organically in a newly reclaimed land in Egypt. Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Science, 9, 915-933.
  8. Emami, A. (1996). Plant decomposition Methods. Technical Journal of Water and Soil Research Institute, 1, 28-58. (in Farsi)
  9. Gupta, M. L., Prasad, A., Ram, M. & Kumar, S. (2002).Effect of the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus Glomus fasiculatum on the essential oil yield related characters and nutrient acquisition in the crops of different cultivars of menthol mint (Mentha arvensis) under field conditions. Bioresource Technology, 81, 77-79.
  10. Kahvand, N., Azizi, M. & Safari Senjani, A. A. (2015). The consequences of mycorrhiza fungus inoculation on some of the growth and yield properties of Borago officinalis. Third National Conference on Medicinal Plants and Sustainable Agriculture. 11 June, Faculty of Shahid Mofateh, Hamedan, Iran.
  11. Kapoor, R., Giri, A. & Mukerji, K. G. (2004). Improved growth and essential oil yield and quality of Foeniculum vulgare mill on mycorrhizal inoculation supplemented with P-fertilizer. Bioresource Technology, 93, 307-311.
  12. Kartikeyan, B., Abdul Jaleel, C., Lakshmanan, G. M. A. & Deiveekasundaram, M. (2008). Studies on rhizosphere microbial diversity of some commercially important medicinal plants. Colloids and Surfaces. B: Bionterfaces, 62(1), 143- 145
  13. Khalid, A. Kh., Hendawy, S. F. & El-Gezawy, E. (2006). Ocimum basilicum L. Production under Organic Farming. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 2(1), 25-32.
  14. Khoramdel, S., Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahalati, M. & Ghorbani, R. (2008). Application effects of biofertilizers on the growth indices of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Journal of Iranian Field Crop Research, 6, 285-294.
  15. Khorramdel, S., Khoshnoodyazdi, A., Khoramdel, S. & Gholizadgan Ehsanabad, A. (2013). Evaluations the effects of mycorrhizal symbiosis on the quantitative and qualitative yield of medicinal plant Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). In: the first regional congress on medicinal plants north of Iran. 8 May, Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources of Golestan, Gorgan, Iran.
  16. Koochaki, A. & Sarmadnia, Gh. H. (2006). Crop plants Physiology. Mashhad University jihad publications. 400 p. (in Farsi)
  17. Koochaki, A., Gholami, A., Mahdavi Damghani, A. A. & Tabriz, L. (translated Jy.valas). (2007). Biological agriculture principle (organic). Mashhad Ferdowsi University publications, 2nd edition, 386 p. (in Farsi)
  18. Krishna Moorthy, S. & Malliga, P. (2012). Plant characteristics, growth and leaf gel yield of Aloe barbadensis miller as affected by cyanopith biofertilizer in pot culture. International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering, 3(2), 884-892.
  19. Meshkani, M., Armin, M. & Jamimoini, M. (2013). Investigation of qualitative and quantitative response of Borago (Borago officinalis L.) to biological and chemical fertilizers. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medical Plants, 1(3), 57-67.
  20. Mozafarian, V. (2012). Identification of medicinal and aromatic plants (compiled, translation and gathered) (1st ed.). Farhang moaser publications, 1444 p. (in Farsi)
  21. Muscolo, A., Bovalo, F., Gionfriddo, F. & Nardi, F. (1999). Earthworm humic matter produces auxin- like effects on daucus carota cell growth and nitrate metabolism. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 31, 1303-1311.
  22. Naghdi badi, H., Sorushzadeh, A., Rezazade, Sh., Sharifi, M., Ghalavand, A. & Rezae, A. (2008). Phytochemical investigation and potential of production of borage (Borago officinalis L.) during the growing period. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 7(4), 35-47. (in Farsi)
  23. Naghdi badi, H., Zainali Mobarakeh, Z., Omidi, H. & Rezazade, Sh. (2010). .Morphological, agronomic and phytochemical changes of borage officinalis L. (Borago officinalis L.) affected biological and chemical fertilizers. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 11(2), 145-156. (in Farsi)
  24. Naghibi, R., Rezvanimoghadam, P. & Ghorbani, R. (2015). Effect of organic fertilizers and mycorrhizal inoculation (Glomus mosseae and G. intraradices) on the quantitative and qualitative yield in different cuttings of dwarf chicory (Cichorium pumilum Jacq.). Journal of Horticulture (Agriultural Sciences and Technology), 29(2), 302-313. (in Farsi)
  25. Pouryousef, M., Mazaheri, D., Yousefi, A.R., Rahimi, A. & Tavakoli, A. (2014). Evaluation of grain qualitative traits of Isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk.) underlimited irrigation regimes and different fertilizing treatments. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 30 (3), 414-424.
  26. Ratti, N., Kumar, S., Verma, H. N. & Gautam, S. P. (2001). Imperovement in bioavailability of tricalcium phosphate to cymbopogon martini var. motia by rhizobacteria, AMF and Azospirillum inoculation. Microbiologycal Research, 156, 145-149.
  27. Rzavinia, M., AghaAlikhani, M. & Naghdi Badi, H. (2015). Effect of vermicompost fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench). Journal of Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 31 (2), 357-373.
  28. Sainz, M. J., Taboada-Castro, M. T. & Vilarino, A. (1998). Growth, mineral nutrition and mycorrhizal colonization of red clover and cucumber plants grown in a soil amended with composted urban wastes. Plant and Soil, 205(1), 85-92.
  29. Samsam shariat, H. (2007). Extraction and production of active substances of medicinal plants and their identification and evaluation methods.Mani Isfahan publication, 258 p. (in Farsi)
  30. Sarlak, B. (2013). Vermicompost production technology (1st ed.). Noor Kamare publications, 156 p. (in Farsi)
  31. Sarmadnia, Gh. H. & Koochaki, A. (1990). Crop Physiology. Mashhad Jahad Daneshgahi publication (translate), 400 p. (in Farsi)
  32. Shirani rad, A. H. (2009). Crop Physiology. (3rd ed.). Dibagaran Tehran publication. 360 p. (in Farsi)
  33. Tahami Zarandi, S. M. K., Rezvani Moghadam, p. & Jahan, M. (2010). Comparison organic and chemical fertilizers impact on the yield and percentage of essential oil of herb basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Agroecology, 2(1), 70- 82.
  34. Wu, S. C., Caob, Z. H., Lib, Z. G., Cheunga, K. C. & Wong, M. H. (2005). Effects of biofertilizers containing N-fixer, P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth: A greenhouse trial. Geoderma, 125, 155-166.
  35. Yadav, R. D., Keshwa, G. L. & Yadva, S. S. (2002). Effect of integrated use of FYM, urea and sulphur on growth and yield of Isabgol (Plantago ovata). Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 25, 668-671.
  36. Zahoor, A., Ghafor, A. & Muhammad, A. (2004). Plantago ovata a crop of arid and dry climates with immense herbal and pharmaceutical importance. Agriculture and Livestock, 5, 1101-15.
علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 3
آذر 1398
صفحه 561-570

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 مهر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 دی 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 30 خرداد 1397

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار