تأثیر محلول پاشی تاج درخت با سدیم سلنات بر غنی سازی زیستی سلنیوم و حفظ کیفیت میوه سیب ’استارکینگ دلیشس‘ در طول دوره انبارمانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

در این پژوهش اثر محلول­پاشی تاج درخت سیب ’استارکینگ دلیشس‘ با سلنات­سدیم در 4 سطح (صفر، 5/0، 1 و 5/1 میلی­گرم در لیتر) در 2 نوبت (در دوره بزرگ­شدن میوه)، بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی و انبارمانی میوه و همچنین امکان­پذیری محلول­پاشی تاج درخت به­عنوان روش تولید میوه­های غنی از سلنیوم مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. میوه­ها بعد از برداشت در سردخانه در دمای 1±1 درجه سانتی­گراد با رطوبت نسبی 95-90 درصد به­مدت 6 ماه نگهداری شدند. نمونه­ها در روز صفر قبل از انباری و در طول دوره نگهداری با فواصل 1 ماهه از سردخانه خارج شده و به­منظور ایجاد حالت مشابه در خرده­فروشی­ها به­مدت 24 ساعت در دمای اتاق قرار گرفته و سپس از نظر فاکتورهای مختلف فیزیکوشیمیایی نظیر رنگ سطحی، آنتوسیانین، pH، اسید قابل­تیتراسیون، مواد جامد محلول کل، ویتامین­ث، میزان تولید اتیلن و تجمع سلنیوم در میوه مورد اندازه­گیری قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که محلول­پاشی تاج درخت با سلنات­سدیم منجر به افزایش غلظت سلنیوم در برگ­ها و میوه شد. تیمار میوه­ها با سطوح مختلف سلنیوم تفاوت معنی­داری در کاهش تولید اتیلن، حفظ سفتی گوشت، pH، اسید قابل­تیتراسیون، مواد جامد محلول کل، ویتامین ث و رنگ سطحی نسبت به میوه­های شاهد داشتند. همچنین میوه­های تحت تیمار 5/1 میلی­گرم در لیتر سلنیوم، بهترین اثر را در حفظ مقدار ویتامین­ث و آنتوسیانین میوه­ها نشان داد. در مجموع، محلول­پاشی تاج درخت در غنی­سازی­زیستی سلنیوم در میوه سیب مؤثر بوده و متعاقبآ تأثیر معنی­داری در حفظ کیفیت میوه در طول انبار سرد داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Influence of canopy spraying with sodium selenate on selenium biofortification and fruit quality maintenance of 'Starking Delicious' apple during storage

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sheida Mohebbi 1
  • Mesbah Babalar 2
  • Zabihollah Zamani 2
  • Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh 3
1 Former Ph. D. Student, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this research the effects of canopy sodium selenate spraying at 4 levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg Se L-1) twice at the period of fruit enlargement on quantitative and qualitative attributes and storage life of 'Starking Delicious' apple fruits, and the viability of canopy spraying as a method of producing Se-enriched fruits, were evaluated. After harvest, the fruits were stored at 1±1°C and 90-95% relative humidity for 6 months. Samples were taken initially and at 1-month intervals during storage and to simulate market conditions they were placed at room temperature for 24 hr, and then physicochemical parameters such as surface color, anthocyanin, pH, titrable acidity, total soluble solids, vitamin C, ethylene production and selenium accumulation in fruits were measured. Results showed that canopy sodium selenate spraying resulted in an increase in Se concentration both in leaves and fruits. Fruit treatment with different levels of Se had significant effect in reduction of ethylene production, maintaining of flesh firmness, pH, titrable acidity, total soluble solids, vitamin C and surface color compared to control fruits. Also, treating of the fruits with 1.5 mg Se showed the best effect in retaining of vitamin C and anthocyanin. Overall, canopy selenium spraying was effective in Se bio-fortification of apple fruit, and subsequently had significant effect in quality retention during cold storage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ethylene
  • fruit surface color
  • postharvest
  • vitamin c

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 3
آذر 1398
صفحه 501-514

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 دی 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 مرداد 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 مرداد 1396

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