بررسی خصوصیات رویشی، عملکرد و ترکیبات اسانس دو گونه دارویی، پونه‏سای ایرانی (Nepeta kotschyi var. persica) و پونه‏سای انبوه (N. glomerulosa)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و محصولات فرعی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و محصولات فرعی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 محقق، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

دو گونه پونه‏سای ایرانی Nepeta kotschyi var. persicaو پونه‏سای انبوه N. glomerulosa از گونه‏های دارویی بومی ایران بوده که حاوی ترکیبات دارویی به­ویژه نپتالاکتون می­باشند. این مطالعه در راستای اهلی­کردن این دوگونه در شرایط مزرعه‏ای طی سال‌های 1396 و 1397 در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. صفات مورد بررسی شامل خصوصیات مورفولوژیک، عملکرد محصول و کمیت و ترکیبات اسانس بود. نتایج نشان داد که وزن‏تر و خشک کل در گونه ایرانی (به­ترتیب 9954 و 3152 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به­طور قابل­ملاحظه­ای بیش‌تر از گونه ‏انبوه (­به­ترتیب 2858 و 990 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. درصد و عملکرد اسانس در گونه‏ ایرانی به­ترتیب 12/2 درصد و 35/48 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود؛ درحالی­که این مقادیر در گونه ‏انبوه به­ترتیب 42/1 درصد و 39/7 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. نتایج آنالیز ترکیبات اسانس نشان داد که مجموع ایزومرهای نپتالاکتون در گونه ‏ایرانی بیش‌تر از گونه ‏انبوه و به­ترتیب 57/94 و 68/38 درصد بود. در مجموع با توجه به عملکرد اندام هوایی و اسانس از یک سو و درصد نپتالاکتون در اسانس از سوی دیگر، برتری گونه‏ ایرانی نسبت به گونه‏ انبوه کاملا چشمگیر بود؛ لذا می­توان گونه پونه­سای ایرانی را به­عنوان یک منبع ارزشمند جهت تامین ترکیب اصلی این گیاه یعنی نپتالاکتون برای صنایع دارویی در شرایط کشت مشابه این مطالعه توصیه نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of growth, yield and essential oil composition in two medicinal species, Nepeta kotschyi var. persica and N. glomerulosa

نویسندگان [English]

  • Babak Bahreininejad 1
  • Fatemeh Sefidkon 2
  • Bohloul Abbaszadeh 3
  • Zahra Jaberalansar 4
1 Assistant Professor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor, Medicinal Plants and By-products Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Medicinal Plants and By-products Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor and Researcher, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Two species of Nepeta genus, N. kotschyi var. persica and N. glomerulosa, are native medicinal plants of Iran, containing medicinal compositions such as Nepetalactones. This study was conducted for plant domestication under field condition during years 2017 and 2018. The experiment was carried out under completely randomized block design with three replications. Morphological and yield traits besides essential oil content and composition were measured. Results showed that total fresh and dry weight in N. kotshyi (9954 and 3152 kg ha-1, respectively), were higher than N. glomerulosa (2858 and 990 kg ha-1, respectively). Essential oil content and yield in N. kotschyi were 2.12% and 48.35 kg ha-1, respectively, while these traits in N. glomerulosa were 1.42% and 7.39 kg ha-1, respectively. Essential oil composition analysis determined that the sum of Nepetalactone isomers in N. kotschyi were higher than N. glomerulosa, 94.57% and 38.68%, respectively. On the whole, according to the aerial parts and essential oil yield, and Nepetalactone content in the oil, the N. kotschyi var. persica showed the higher performance, though, in order to produce Nepetalactone for medicinal industries, N. kotschyi var. persica cultivation is recommended under similar field condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aerial parts
  • domestication
  • morphological traits
  • nepetalactone

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 آذر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 15 بهمن 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 اسفند 1397

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