بررسی اثر تنش شوری بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک دانهال‌های برگزیده مرکبات و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار، پژوهشکده مرکبات و میوه‌های نیمه‌گرمسیری، رامسر، ایران

4 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

 جهت ارزیابی فیزیولوژیک پاسخ به تنش شوری، برخی از دانهال­های مرکبات مهم موجود در کلکسیون مؤسسه تحقیقات مرکبات رامسر و داراب (28 ژنوتیپ) شامل ژنوتیپ­های تجاری متحمل و حساس (کلئوپاترا ماندارین و ترویر سیترنج) در سه سطح، 0، 40 و 90 میلی­مولار شوری به­صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانه بررسی شدند. هشت ماه پس از جوانه­زنی دانهال­ها، تیمارهای شوری به­مدت ۱۲ هفته اعمال شد. در این پژوهش صفات فیزیولوژیک از جمله مقدار کلروفیل‌های a و b، تجمع پرولین، پراکسید شدن لیپیدها، فعالیت آنزیم­های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، آسکوربات پراکسیداز و کاتالاز، میزان پروتئین کل و عملکرد کوانتومی فتوسیستم II مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاصل از مطالعه صفات فیزیولوژی نشان داد که تنش شوری باعث کاهش در کلروفیل­های a و b، میزان پروتئین کل، عملکرد کوانتومی فتوسیستم دو، فعالیت آنزیم­ آسکوربات پراکسیداز و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز در ژنوتیپ­های مورد مطالعه شد. در این مطالعه محتوای پرولین، غلظت مالون­دی­آلدهید و همچنین میزان فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسیددیسموتاز تحت تنش شوری افزایش یافتند. ژنوتیپ‌های G8، G44 (نارنج)، G19، G25 و G42 (اترج) در صفات متعدد، از جمله محتوای کلروفیل، میزان پراکسید شدن لیپیدها، محتوای پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم­ها در وضعیت بهتری قرار‌ داشتند و به‌عنوان ژنوتیپ­های برتر معرفی می­شوند. ژنوتیپ G8 در بعضی از صفات، حتی از رقم کلئوپاترا نیز بهتر بود. می‌توان این ژنوتیپ­ها را به‌عنوان متحمل یا نیمه­متحمل به شوری برای پژوهش­های بعدی و یا برای مقاصد کاربردی مورد توجه قرار داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of salinity stress on some physiological traits of selected citrus seedlings and identification of tolerant genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marzieh Etehadpour 1
  • Reza Fatahi Moghadam 2
  • Zabihollah Zamani 2
  • Behrouz Golein 3
  • MohammadReza Naghavi 4
1 Former Ph.D. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering - College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering - College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Center, Ramsar, Iran
4 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to identify salinity tolerant genotypes, seedlings of tolerant and susceptible genotypes named ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin and ‘Troyer’ citrange, and some screened citrus genotypes to salinity (sum of 28 genotypes) from Citrus Research Institutes of Ramsar and Darab were assessed. Three levels of sodium chloride including 0, 40 and 90 mM were applied on eight months seedlings for 12 weeks under greenhouse conditions in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications. Physiological traits including chlorophylls a and b, proline, lipid peroxidation, enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase, total protein and quantum yield of photosystem Π were studied. The results of physiological traits showed that salinity reduced the chlorophyll a and b, total protein, quantum yield of photosystem II, ascorbate peroxidase activity and catalase activity in studied genotypes. In this study, proline content, malondialdehyde concentration and superoxide dismutase activity increased under salt stress. Genotypes G8, G44 (sour orange), G19, G25 and G42 (bergamot) in several traits including chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation, proline content and enzymes activity were better than others. G8 genotype was better than salinity tolerant cultivar, ‘Cleopatra’, in some traits. Consequently, mentioned genotypes could be considered as tolerant or semi- tolerant genotypes for further research or practical purposes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant Enzymes
  • Chlorophyll
  • ‘Cleopatra’ mandarin
  • Malondialdehyde
  • tolerant genotypes

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
تابستان 1398
صفحه 421-433

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 اسفند 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 خرداد 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 تیر 1397

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