نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
2 مربی پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی- باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران
3 استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
4 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
چکیده
این پژوهش بهمنظور بررسی اثر تنش خشکی روی برخی از ویژگیهای فیزیولوژیکی پنج پایهی پیوندشده و غیر پیوندی بادام انجام گرفت. پایههای رویشی GF677، گارنم و یک هیبرید بادام×هلوی محلی، بهعلاوه پایههای بذری بادام (رقم فرانیس) و هلو (ژنوتیپ محلی) در حالت پیوندشده و بدون پیوند تحت تنش خشکی قرار داده شدند. رقم پیوندک فرانیس و تیمارهای تنش شامل نگهداری پتانسیل ماتریکس خاک در حد 3/0- مگاپاسکال (شاهد)، 9/0- مگاپاسکال (تنش متوسط) و 5/1- مگاپاسکال (تنش شدید) بودند. بررسی بهصورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به صورت گیاهان گلدانی انجام گرفت. سطح تنش بهمدت چهار هفته در گیاهان اعمال شد. ویژگیهای فلورسنس سبزینه، غلظت رنگیزههای برگ، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، شاخص پایداری غشاء و پرولین آزاد برگ اندازهگیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی منجر به کاهش معنیدار محتوای نسبی آب برگ، شاخص Fv/Fm، میزان سبزینه‌های a، b و کل و افزایش معنیدار F0، نشت یونی و پرولین آزاد برگ شد. نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی صفات بیانگر اثر منفی کمتر تنش خشکی بر پایههای پیوندشده در مقایسه با پایههای غیرپیوندی بود. بهطور کلی تأثیر تنش خشکی روی پایههای بذری، هیبرید محلی و GF677 نسبتاً مشابه بود و پایههای مذکور بهطور معنیداری کمتر از پایه گارنم تحت تأثیر خشکی قرار گرفتند. پایهی هلوی بذری تحت تنش، بیشترین کاهش در ویژگیهای اندازهگیری شده را نشان داد. بر اساس نتایج این بررسی، فلورسانس سبزینه بهعنوان شاخصی ساده برای ارزیابی تحمل به خشکی پایههای بادام در شرایط تنش شدید خشکی پیشنهاد میشود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Evaluation of some physiological responses to drought stress in grafted and ungrafted almond rootstocks
نویسندگان [English]
- Hossein Moradi 1 2
- Mahmood Esna-Ashari 3
- Ahmad Ershadi 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | Instructor of Agronomic and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Shahrekord, Iran
2 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | Instructor of Agronomic and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Shahrekord, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]
The effect of drought stress were studied on some physiological aspects of five grafted and ungrafted rootstocks including GF677, Garnem, peach seedlings, almond seedlings and a selected local almond ×peach hybrid (LAP), with Ferragnes cultivar as scion. Three different drought stress levels including moderate (Ψsoil= -0.9 Mpa) sever (Ψsoil= -1.5 Mpa) and a control (Ψsoil= -0.3 Mpa) were applied in a randomized complete block design as factorial with three replications in pot plants during four weeks. Physiological traits including chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence indices, leaf relative water contents (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), free proline and concentrations of leaf pigments were recorded.Results showed that photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), RWC, Chl a, Chl b and total Chl were reduced significantly under drought stress while minimum fluorescence (F0), MSI and Free proline were increased noticeably. Drought stress affected significantly on evaluated traits in ungrafted rootstocks compared to grafted ones. According to results, almond seedlings, GF677 and local LAP almost showed similar responses to drought stress and had more tolerance than Garnem rootstock. Peach seedlings were affected significantly by drought stress more than the other rootstocks. Present study suggests chlorophyll fluorescence index as a simple trait for evaluation of almond rootstocks exposed to sever drought stress.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Chlorophyll fluorescence
- clonal rootstock
- proline
- relative water contents
- seedling rootstock
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